Dabravolski Siarhei A, Isayenkov Stanislav V
Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Braude Academic College of Engineering, Snunit 51, Karmiel 2161002, Israel.
Department of Plant Food Products and Biofortification, Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Baidi-Vyshneveckogo Str., 2a, 04123 Kyiv, Ukraine.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 5;12(13):2558. doi: 10.3390/plants12132558.
Drought and salinity affect various biochemical and physiological processes in plants, inhibit plant growth, and significantly reduce productivity. The anthocyanin biosynthesis system represents one of the plant stress-tolerance mechanisms, activated by surplus reactive oxygen species. Anthocyanins act as ROS scavengers, protecting plants from oxidative damage and enhancing their sustainability. In this review, we focus on molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying the role of anthocyanins in acquired tolerance to drought and salt stresses. Also, we discuss the role of abscisic acid and the abscisic-acid-miRNA156 regulatory node in the regulation of drought-induced anthocyanin production. Additionally, we summarise the available knowledge on transcription factors involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and development of salt and drought tolerance. Finally, we discuss recent progress in the application of modern gene manipulation technologies in the development of anthocyanin-enriched plants with enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stresses.
干旱和盐度会影响植物的各种生化和生理过程，抑制植物生长，并显著降低生产力。花青素生物合成系统是植物抗逆机制之一，由过量的活性氧激活。花青素作为活性氧清除剂，保护植物免受氧化损伤并增强其耐受性。在本综述中，我们重点关注花青素在获得性干旱和盐胁迫耐受性中作用的分子和生化机制。此外，我们讨论了脱落酸和脱落酸-miRNA156调控节点在干旱诱导花青素产生调控中的作用。此外，我们总结了参与花青素生物合成以及盐和干旱耐受性发育的转录因子的现有知识。最后，我们讨论了现代基因操作技术在培育具有增强的干旱和盐胁迫耐受性的富含花青素植物方面的最新进展。
