Niu Yuan, Xu Xiaotian, Huang Wenxu, Li Jiaying, Li Shaoning, Zhao Na, Li Bin, Xu Chengyang, Lu Shaowei
Urban Forestry Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jul 22;14(15):2253. doi: 10.3390/plants14152253.
The context of global climate change, water stress has a significant impact on the ecological function and landscape value of urban greening shrubs. In this study, three typical greening shrubs (, × , and var. ) in North China were subjected to a two-year field-controlled experiment (2022-2023) with four water treatments: full irrigation, deficit irrigation, natural rainfall, and extreme drought. The key findings are as follows: (1) Extreme drought reduced the color indices substantially-the G of decreased by 40% (2023); the R of var. declined by 35% (2022); and the color indices of × remained stable (variation < 15%). (2) Early-season soil water content (SWC) strongly correlated with the color index of (r = 0.42, < 0.05) but weakly with (r = 0.28), suggesting species-specific drought-tolerance mechanisms like reduced leaf area. (3) Deficit irrigation (SWC ≈ 40%) maintained color indices between fully irrigated and drought-stressed levels. Notably, retained high redness (R > 0.8) at an SWC ≈ 40%; required an SWC > 60% to preserve greenness (G). The research results provide a scientific basis for urban greening plant screening and water-saving irrigation strategies, and expand the application scenarios of color coordinates in plant physiological and ecological research.
在全球气候变化的背景下，水分胁迫对城市绿化灌木的生态功能和景观价值具有重大影响。在本研究中，对中国北方三种典型的绿化灌木（[具体灌木名称1]、[具体灌木名称2]×[具体灌木名称3]和[具体灌木名称4]变种）进行了为期两年（2022 - 2023年）的田间控制实验，设置了四种水分处理：充分灌溉、亏缺灌溉、自然降雨和极端干旱。主要研究结果如下：（1）极端干旱显著降低了颜色指数——[具体灌木名称1]的绿色度（G）在2023年下降了40%；[具体灌木名称4]变种的红色度（R）在2022年下降了35%；而[具体灌木名称2]×[具体灌木名称3]的颜色指数保持稳定（变化<15%）。（2）生长季早期土壤含水量（SWC）与[具体灌木名称1]的颜色指数显著相关（r = 0.42，P < 0.05），但与[具体灌木名称2]的相关性较弱（r = 0.28），这表明存在物种特异性的耐旱机制，如叶片面积减小。（3）亏缺灌溉（SWC≈40%）使颜色指数维持在充分灌溉和干旱胁迫水平之间。值得注意的是，[具体灌木名称1]在SWC≈40%时保持较高的红色度（R > 0.8）；[具体灌木名称2]需要SWC > 60%才能保持绿色度（G）。研究结果为城市绿化植物筛选和节水灌溉策略提供了科学依据，并拓展了颜色坐标在植物生理生态研究中的应用场景。
