Klausner J M, Rozin R R
Isr J Med Sci. 1986 May;22(5):365-9.
In a mass casualty situation the hospital nearest to the disaster scene is usually overwhelmed by the injured. We propose a solution whereby a civilian hospital in times of crisis can become an evacuation hospital (EH) to meet the immediate needs of the casualties. An EH is a hospital located as near as possible to the disaster area, whose function is to serve as a forward treating facility. All the wounded should be brought first to the EH, where they are sorted, resuscitated and stabilized for transportation, after which they are evacuated. Only the critically wounded undergo surgery at the EH; the lightly wounded remain in the EH, and all other wounded are distributed among the general hospitals for rapid definitive treatment. This principle was first applied in a civilian medical system. The Rokach (Hadassah) Hospital in Tel Aviv served as an EH in admitting 40 casualties following a nearby terrorist attack. Seventeen seriously and moderately wounded patients were resuscitated and evacuated to hospitals in the vicinity. All arrived in stable condition. Seventeen lightly wounded were detained in the EH and 4 underwent life-saving surgery there.
在大规模伤亡事件中，离灾难现场最近的医院通常会被伤员挤满。我们提出一种解决方案，即在危机时期，一家 civilian 医院可以成为疏散医院（EH），以满足伤员的紧急需求。疏散医院是尽可能靠近灾区的医院，其功能是作为前沿治疗设施。所有伤员应首先被送往疏散医院，在那里进行分类、复苏并稳定下来以便转运，之后再被疏散。只有重伤员在疏散医院接受手术；轻伤者留在疏散医院，其他所有伤员则被分配到综合医院进行快速确定性治疗。这一原则首次应用于 civilian 医疗系统。特拉维夫的罗卡奇（哈达萨）医院在附近发生恐怖袭击后作为疏散医院收治了40名伤员。17名重伤和中度伤员得到复苏并被疏散到附近的医院。所有人到达时情况稳定。17名轻伤者被留在疏散医院，4人在那里接受了救命手术。
