Pritam Manisha, Kumar Rajnish
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, MD, USA.
Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2024;17(1):e130723218680. doi: 10.2174/1874467217666230713093802.
Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by different species of Brucella bacteria. It is also known as Malta fever, one of the neglected diseases that can cause infection in both animals and humans. Although human-to-human infection is rare, it can spread through the inhalation of airborne agents, and if left untreated, it can lead to serious health complications. In this review, we aim to highlight the pathophysiology, prevention, epidemiology, mitigation, cure, targets for drug development, and vaccine development against human brucellosis. Human brucellosis is mainly caused by consuming unpasteurized milk or dairy products, uncooked meat, and contact with infected animals. Human brucellosis outbreaks are mainly associated with developing and low- to middle-income countries. Brucella is present all over the world, and only some of the regions are at high risk, including Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, Mexico, South and Central America, the Caribbean, the Mediterranean Basin, and the Middle East. Because of intracellular survival, inhibition of apoptosis, and immune evasion, Brucella can survive and multiply inside the host cell, which can cause chronic disease. By using proteomics approaches, several new drug targets were reported for human brucellosis that can be used for the development of novel drugs. We can also develop an efficient vaccine against human brucellosis by exploring previously reported vaccine candidates against animal brucellosis. The information provided through this review will facilitate research to control and cure human brucellosis and its complicated symptoms.
布鲁氏菌病是一种由不同种类布鲁氏菌引起的传染病。它也被称为马耳他热，是一种被忽视的疾病，可在动物和人类中引发感染。虽然人传人感染很少见，但它可通过吸入空气传播因子扩散，若不治疗，可能导致严重的健康并发症。在本综述中，我们旨在强调针对人类布鲁氏菌病的病理生理学、预防、流行病学、缓解措施、治疗、药物研发靶点以及疫苗研发。人类布鲁氏菌病主要由食用未经巴氏消毒的牛奶或乳制品、生肉以及接触受感染动物引起。人类布鲁氏菌病疫情主要与发展中国家和中低收入国家相关。布鲁氏菌遍布全球，只有部分地区处于高风险，包括亚洲、非洲、东欧、墨西哥、中南美洲、加勒比地区、地中海盆地以及中东地区。由于能够在细胞内存活、抑制细胞凋亡以及逃避免疫，布鲁氏菌可在宿主细胞内生存和繁殖，从而引发慢性病。通过蛋白质组学方法，已报道了几种针对人类布鲁氏菌病的新药物靶点，可用于新型药物的研发。我们还可以通过探索先前报道的针对动物布鲁氏菌病的候选疫苗，开发一种有效的人类布鲁氏菌病疫苗。通过本综述提供的信息将有助于开展控制和治疗人类布鲁氏菌病及其复杂症状的研究。
