Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.
University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Allergy. 2023 Nov;78(11):2892-2905. doi: 10.1111/all.15812. Epub 2023 Jul 14.
The intestinal barrier is a dynamic multi-layered structure which can adapt to environmental changes within the intestinal lumen. It has the complex task of allowing nutrient absorption while limiting entry of harmful microbes and microbial antigens present in the intestinal lumen. Excessive entry of microbial antigens via microbial translocation due to 'intestinal barrier dysfunction' is hypothesised to contribute to the increasing incidence of allergic, autoimmune and metabolic diseases, a concept referred to as the 'epithelial barrier theory'. Helminths reside in the intestinal tract are in intimate contact with the mucosal surfaces and induce a range of local immunological changes which affect the layers of the intestinal barrier. Helminths are proposed to prevent, or even treat, many of the diseases implicated in the epithelial barrier theory. This review will focus on the effect of helminths on intestinal barrier function and explore whether this could explain the proposed health benefits delivered by helminths.
肠道屏障是一个动态的多层次结构，可以适应肠道腔内的环境变化。它的复杂任务是允许营养物质吸收，同时限制有害微生物和存在于肠道腔中的微生物抗原的进入。由于“肠道屏障功能障碍”导致微生物抗原的过度进入，被假设会导致过敏、自身免疫和代谢疾病的发病率增加，这一概念被称为“上皮屏障理论”。寄生于肠道内的寄生虫与黏膜表面密切接触，并诱导一系列局部免疫变化，影响肠道屏障的各个层次。寄生虫被认为可以预防甚至治疗上皮屏障理论中涉及的许多疾病。这篇综述将重点讨论寄生虫对肠道屏障功能的影响，并探讨这是否可以解释寄生虫所带来的健康益处。
