Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Physiol Res. 2023 Jul 14;72(3):287-299. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.935046.
In recent years, there has been an increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular events related to insulin resistance. As one of the target organs for insulin, adipose tissue is essential for maintaining in vivo immune homeostasis and metabolic regulation. Currently, the specific adipose tissue mechanisms involved in insulin resistance remain incompletely understood. There is increasing evidence that the process of insulin resistance is mostly accompanied by a dramatic increase in the number and phenotypic changes of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). In this review, we discuss the origins and functions of ATMs, some regulatory factors of ATM phenotypes, and the mechanisms through which ATMs mediate insulin resistance. We explore how ATM phenotypes contribute to insulin resistance in adipose tissue. We expect that modulation of ATM phenotypes will provide a novel strategy for the treatment of diseases associated with insulin resistance.
近年来，与胰岛素抵抗相关的代谢综合征、2 型糖尿病和心血管事件的发病率不断上升。脂肪组织作为胰岛素的靶器官之一，对于维持体内免疫稳态和代谢调节至关重要。目前，胰岛素抵抗相关的具体脂肪组织机制尚不完全清楚。越来越多的证据表明，胰岛素抵抗的过程主要伴随着脂肪组织巨噬细胞（ATMs）数量的急剧增加和表型的变化。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 ATMs 的起源和功能、一些调节 ATMs 表型的因素以及 ATMs 介导胰岛素抵抗的机制。我们探讨了 ATMs 表型如何导致脂肪组织胰岛素抵抗，并期望调节 ATMs 表型将为治疗与胰岛素抵抗相关的疾病提供一种新策略。
