Martinho Frederico C, Griffin Ina L, Price Jeffery B, Tordik Patricia A
Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland.
Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland, School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Endod. 2023 Oct;49(10):1362-1368. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.07.007. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
Augmented reality (AR) superimposes high-definition computer-generated virtual content onto the existing environment, providing users with an enhanced perception of reality. This study investigates the feasibility of integrating an AR head-mounted device into a 3-dimensional dynamic navigation system (3D-DNS) for osteotomy and root-end resection (RER). It compares the accuracy and efficiency of AR + 3D-DNS to 3D-DNS for osteotomy and RER.
Seventy-two tooth roots of 3D-printed surgical jaw models were divided into two groups: AR + 3D-DNS (n = 36) and 3D-DNS (n = 36). Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken pre and postoperatively. The osteotomy and RER were virtually planned on X-guide software and delivered under 3D-DNS guidance. For the AR + 3D-DNS group, an AR head-mounted device (Microsoft HoloLens 2) was integrated into the 3D-DNS. The 2D- and 3D-deviations were calculated. The osteotomy and RER time and the number of procedural mishaps were recorded.
Osteotomy and RER were completed in all samples (72/72). AR + 3D-DNS was more accurate than 3D-DNS, showing lower 2D- and 3D-deviation values (P < .05). The AR + 3D-DNS was more efficient in time than 3D-DNS (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the number of mishaps (P > .05).
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the integration of an AR head-mounted device to 3D-DNS is feasible for osteotomy and RER. AR improved the accuracy and time efficiency of 3D-DNS in osteotomy and RER. Head-mounted AR has the potential to be safely and reliably integrated into 3D-DNS for endodontic microsurgery.
增强现实（AR）将高清计算机生成的虚拟内容叠加到现有环境中，为用户提供增强的现实感知。本研究调查了将AR头戴设备集成到三维动态导航系统（3D-DNS）中用于截骨术和根尖切除术（RER）的可行性。比较了AR + 3D-DNS与3D-DNS在截骨术和RER方面的准确性和效率。
将3D打印的手术颌骨模型的72个牙根分为两组：AR + 3D-DNS组（n = 36）和3D-DNS组（n = 36）。术前和术后进行锥形束计算机断层扫描。在X-guide软件上虚拟规划截骨术和RER，并在3D-DNS引导下实施。对于AR + 3D-DNS组，将AR头戴设备（微软HoloLens 2）集成到3D-DNS中。计算二维和三维偏差。记录截骨术和RER的时间以及操作失误的数量。
所有样本（72/72）均完成了截骨术和RER。AR + 3D-DNS比3D-DNS更准确，二维和三维偏差值更低（P <.05）。AR + 3D-DNS在时间上比3D-DNS更高效（P <.05）。失误数量没有显著差异（P >.05）。
在本体外研究的局限性内，将AR头戴设备集成到3D-DNS中用于截骨术和RER是可行的。AR提高了3D-DNS在截骨术和RER中的准确性和时间效率。头戴式AR有潜力安全可靠地集成到用于牙髓显微手术的3D-DNS中。
