Hara H, Weir B
J Comp Neurol. 1986 Aug 8;250(2):245-52. doi: 10.1002/cne.902500211.
The pathway of nerves containing acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to the major cerebral arteries was investigated in the rat. In this species, the internal ethmoidal artery (IEA) arises from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and anastomoses with the external ethmoidal artery (EEA), forming the ethmoidal rete on the cribriform plate. The ethmoidal nerve (EN) and EEA enter the cranial cavity through the ethmoidal foramen. Densely distributed adventitial nerve plexi were present around the IEA, ethmoidal rete, and EEA. Many thick nerve bundles were found in the periadventitial layers in association with these vessels. Around the EN, just before it enters the ethmoid foramen, intensely staining nerve bundles were present that entered the cranial cavity with the EN. After unilateral section of the EN and EEA, a marked decrease of the nerve fibers was observed around the arteries of the anterior part of the circle of Willis on the operated side, whereas the basilar artery (BA) showed a moderate decrease in the AChE activity. After bilateral section of the EN and EEA, nerves disappeared from around all the major cerebral vessels including the BA. Section of the EEA alone did not produce any visible change of the cerebral perivascular innervation. The present study suggests that AChE-containing nerves on the cerebral arteries arise from the AChE-positive nerve bundles, which enter the cranial cavity with the EN through the ethmoid foramen; The anterior part of the circle of Willis is innervated unilaterally by the AChE-positive nerve bundles from the ethmoidal foramen, whereas the BA receives bilateral innervation.
在大鼠中研究了含有乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的神经至大脑主要动脉的通路。在该物种中，筛前动脉（IEA）起源于大脑前动脉（ACA），并与筛后动脉（EEA）吻合，在筛板上形成筛网。筛神经（EN）和EEA通过筛孔进入颅腔。在IEA、筛网和EEA周围存在密集分布的外膜神经丛。在这些血管的外膜周围层发现许多粗大的神经束。在EN进入筛孔之前，在其周围发现有强烈染色的神经束与EN一起进入颅腔。单侧切断EN和EEA后，手术侧 Willis 环前部动脉周围的神经纤维明显减少，而基底动脉（BA）的 AChE 活性有中度下降。双侧切断EN和EEA后，包括BA在内的所有大脑主要血管周围的神经均消失。单独切断EEA不会引起脑周血管神经支配的任何可见变化。本研究表明，大脑动脉上含 AChE 的神经起源于 AChE 阳性神经束，这些神经束通过筛孔与EN一起进入颅腔；Willis 环前部由来自筛孔的 AChE 阳性神经束单侧支配，而 BA 接受双侧支配。
