Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Departments of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
Nutr Bull. 2023 Sep;48(3):365-375. doi: 10.1111/nbu.12629. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Both sodium intake and sleep have an important effect on cardiovascular health. However, few studies have looked at the association between sodium intake and sleep. Therefore, we analysed the association of sodium intake with sleep quality, sleep duration and nocturnal urination. The data for the present study were obtained from the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. Study participants were 156 696 working-aged Korean adults (average age 38.0 years ±8.0 in men and 36.0 years ±8.1 in women). They were categorised into five groups by quintile of sodium intake, measured by food frequency questionnaire. Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration were determined by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5, and sleep duration <7 h, respectively. Nocturnal urination was defined as awakening to urinate more than three times a week. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis was used in calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for poor sleep quality, short sleep duration and nocturnal urination (adjusted OR [95% CI]) across five study groups. In all study participants, increased sodium intake was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (quintile 1: reference, quintile 2: 1.07 [1.04-1.11], quintile 3: 1.12 [1.08-1.16], quintile 4: 1.15 [1.11-1.19] and quintile 5: 1.13 [1.09-1.18]). This pattern of relationship was similarly observed in association of sodium intake with short sleep duration (p for trend <0.001) and nocturnal urination (p for trend <0.001). In gender subgroup analysis, increased sodium intake had a significant association with poor sleep quality and short sleep duration in men and with poor sleep quality and nocturnal urination in women. In conclusion, high sodium intake is associated with an increased likelihood of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration and nocturnal urination.
钠摄入量和睡眠对心血管健康都有重要影响。然而，很少有研究关注钠摄入量与睡眠之间的关系。因此，我们分析了钠摄入量与睡眠质量、睡眠时间和夜间排尿之间的关系。本研究的数据来自康伯斯三星健康研究。研究对象为 156696 名工作年龄的韩国成年人（男性平均年龄 38.0±8.0 岁，女性平均年龄 36.0±8.1 岁）。他们根据食物频率问卷测量的钠摄入量五分位数分为五组。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）>5 表示睡眠质量差，睡眠持续时间<7 小时表示睡眠时间短，每周三次以上醒来排尿定义为夜间多尿。使用多变量调整后的逻辑回归分析计算了五个研究组之间睡眠质量差、睡眠时间短和夜间多尿的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）（调整后的 OR [95%CI]）。在所有研究参与者中，钠摄入量的增加与睡眠质量差显著相关（第 1 五分位：参考，第 2 五分位：1.07[1.04-1.11]，第 3 五分位：1.12[1.08-1.16]，第 4 五分位：1.15[1.11-1.19]，第 5 五分位：1.13[1.09-1.18]）。这种关系模式在钠摄入量与睡眠时间短（趋势 p<0.001）和夜间多尿（趋势 p<0.001）之间也有类似的观察结果。在性别亚组分析中，高钠摄入与男性睡眠质量差和睡眠时间短以及女性睡眠质量差和夜间多尿有显著关联。总之，高钠摄入与睡眠质量差、睡眠时间短和夜间多尿的可能性增加有关。
