Després Guillaume David, Lemay Guy
Virologie (Montrouge). 2023 Jun 1;27(3):189-202. doi: 10.1684/vir.2023.1008.
As the world is experiencing the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19, one can wonder if members of other family of viruses could possibly emerge. Can such viruses establish a worldwide distribution with consequences similar to SARS-CoV-2? One such threat is the possible emergence of pathogenic reoviruses, especially by zoonotic transmission. Reoviruses are ubiquitous viruses exhibiting a worldwide distribution and various strains or isolates are found in many mammalian species and other vertebrates. When initially discovered, these viruses were named respiratory enteric orphan viruses (hence the acronym "reo") in order to reflect the fact that they could not be clearly associated with any given disease. However, this is not necessarily the case for all of these viruses, as clearly shown for some of these in animals. Significantly, there have been numerous reports of zoonotic transmission, especially from bats to humans. In this manuscript, pertinent properties of reoviruses will be first briefly presented followed by a review of available evidence for zoonotic transmission of pathogenic reoviruses to humans. Future work that appears to be needed for preparedness to the possible emergence of these viruses will then be briefly discussed.
由于全球正在经历由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引发的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行，人们不禁会问，其他病毒家族的成员是否可能出现。这类病毒能否在全球传播并产生与SARS-CoV-2类似的后果？其中一个威胁是致病性呼肠孤病毒可能出现，尤其是通过人畜共患病传播。呼肠孤病毒是无处不在的病毒，在全球范围内分布，在许多哺乳动物物种和其他脊椎动物中发现了各种毒株或分离株。最初发现这些病毒时，它们被命名为呼吸道肠道孤儿病毒（因此首字母缩写为“reo”），以反映它们与任何特定疾病都没有明确关联这一事实。然而，并非所有这些病毒都是如此，动物中的一些病毒就清楚地表明了这一点。值得注意的是，有许多关于人畜共患病传播的报道，尤其是从蝙蝠传播给人类。在本手稿中，将首先简要介绍呼肠孤病毒的相关特性，然后回顾致病性呼肠孤病毒人畜共患病传播给人类的现有证据。接着将简要讨论为应对这些病毒可能出现而似乎需要开展的未来工作。
