Solvothermal synthesis of TiOnanospheres for non-volatile memory and synaptic learning applications.

In this study, we used the one-pot solvothermal method to synthesize the TiOnanospheres (NSs) and used them for non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing applications. Several analytical tools were used to understand the structural, optical, morphological, and compositional characteristics of synthesized TiONSs. The tetragonal crystal structure of anatase TiOwas formed, according to the Rietveld refined x-ray diffraction results. The NS morphology was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was probed to understand the elemental composition and electronic states of the TiONSs. We specifically looked at the impact of reaction time on the structural, optical, morphological, compositional, and resistive switching (RS) properties of TiONSs. The fabricated devices (Ag/TiONSs/FTO) exhibit bipolar RS behavior. The optimized RS device shows good endurance (5000 cycles) and memory retention (5000 s) properties. Moreover, fabricated devices showed double-valued charge-flux characteristics, whereas charge transport was caused by the Ohmic and space charge-limited current mechanisms. Additionally, the optimized device can mimic various synaptic characteristics including potentiation-depression, excitatory post-synaptic current, and paired-pulse facilitation.