Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U976, 75010 Paris, France.
Université de Paris Cité, INSERM U976, 75010 Paris, France; Virology Department, AP-HP, Saint-Louis Hospital, 75010 Paris, France.
Cell Host Microbe. 2023 Aug 9;31(8):1386-1403.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.06.009. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Early administration of azithromycin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was shown to increase the relapse of hematological malignancies. To determine the impact of azithromycin on the post-transplant gut ecosystem and its influence on relapse, we characterized overtime gut bacteriome, virome, and metabolome of 55 patients treated with azithromycin or a placebo. We describe four enterotypes and the network of associated bacteriophage species and metabolic pathways. One enterotype associates with sustained remission. One taxon from Bacteroides specifically associates with relapse, while two from Bacteroides and Prevotella correlate with complete remission. These taxa are associated with lipid, pentose, and branched-chain amino acid metabolic pathways and several bacteriophage species. Enterotypes and taxa associate with exhausted T cells and the functional status of circulating immune cells. These results illustrate how an antibiotic influences a complex network of gut bacteria, viruses, and metabolites and may promote cancer relapse through modifications of immune cells.
早期给予异基因造血干细胞移植后的阿奇霉素治疗被证明会增加血液系统恶性肿瘤的复发。为了确定阿奇霉素对移植后肠道生态系统的影响及其对复发的影响，我们对 55 名接受阿奇霉素或安慰剂治疗的患者的肠道细菌组、病毒组和代谢组进行了特征分析。我们描述了四个肠型和相关噬菌体物种和代谢途径的网络。一种肠型与持续缓解相关。一种来自拟杆菌的分类群与复发相关，而两种来自拟杆菌和普雷沃氏菌的分类群与完全缓解相关。这些分类群与脂质、戊糖和支链氨基酸代谢途径以及几种噬菌体物种相关。肠型和分类群与耗竭的 T 细胞和循环免疫细胞的功能状态相关。这些结果说明了抗生素如何影响肠道细菌、病毒和代谢物的复杂网络，并可能通过改变免疫细胞来促进癌症复发。
