College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Aug;30(39):90844-90857. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-28744-x. Epub 2023 Jul 18.
The mechanism of antibiotic resistance (AR) development in an activated sludge system under tetracycline (TC) pressure was discussed and analyzed. According to the variation of macro-factors, including TC, COD, TN, TP, NH-N, pH, heavy metals, and reactor settings, the tet genes respond accordingly. Consequently, the enrichment sites of tet genes form an invisible AR selection zone, where AR microorganisms thrive, gather, reproduce, and spread. The efflux pump genes tetA and tetB prefer anaerobic environment, while ribosome protective protein genes tetM, tetO, tetQ, tetT, and tetW were more concentrated in aerobic situations. As a corresponding micro-effect, different types of tet genes selected the corresponding dominant bacteria such as Thauera and Arthrobacter, suggesting the intrinsic relationship between tet genes and potential hosts. In summary, the macro-response and micro-effect of tet genes constitute an interactive mechanism with tet genes as the core, which is the crucial cause for the continuous development of AR. This study provides an executable strategy to control the development of AR in actual wastewater treatment plants from the perspective of macro-factors and micro-effects.
该研究探讨和分析了四环素（TC）压力下活性污泥系统中抗生素耐药性（AR）发展的机制。根据 TC、COD、TN、TP、NH-N、pH 值、重金属和反应器设置等宏观因素的变化，tet 基因会做出相应的响应。因此，tet 基因的富集位点形成了一个无形的 AR 选择区，AR 微生物在其中茁壮成长、聚集、繁殖和传播。外排泵基因 tetA 和 tetB 更喜欢厌氧环境，而核糖体保护蛋白基因 tetM、tetO、tetQ、tetT 和 tetW 则更集中在好氧环境中。作为相应的微观效应，不同类型的 tet 基因选择了相应的优势菌，如陶厄氏菌和节杆菌，这表明 tet 基因与潜在宿主之间存在内在联系。总之，tet 基因的宏观响应和微观效应构成了一个以 tet 基因为核心的相互作用机制，这是 AR 不断发展的关键原因。该研究从宏观因素和微观效应的角度为实际污水处理厂控制 AR 的发展提供了一个可行的策略。
