Mezgebu Taye, Ossabo Getachew, Zekiwos Asnakech, Mohammed Hamdino, Demisse Zerihun
Department of Comprehensive Nursing, Schools of Nursing, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia.
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, Schools of Nursing, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia.
Front Pediatr. 2023 Jul 3;11:1184205. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1184205. eCollection 2023.
Neonatal sepsis is a major public health problem worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. The neonatal mortality rate is higher in developing countries, where the extent and causes of neonatal sepsis are not yet known. Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. As a result, this study aimed to assess the proportion and identify maternal and neonatal risk factors for neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2022 to July 2022 at the Wachemo University Comprehensive Specialized Teaching Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, southern Ethiopia. A total of 205 neonates with indexed mothers participated in the study. Using a consecutive sampling technique, a structured, pretested questionnaire was used to collect data from the study subjects. Data were entered into EpiData Manager version 3.1 for Windows and then exported to SPSS version 22 for further data cleaning and analysis. Descriptive analyses were performed by using frequency, percentage, and summary statistics to describe the key variables. A multivariate regression model was used to identify factors associated with neonatal sepsis. Finally, statistical significance was declared at a -value of less than 0.05, and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence level was used to declare the variable's association with the outcome variable.
The overall prevalence rate of neonatal sepsis was 39.5% (95% CI: 33.7-45.9). Multivariable analysis was performed by taking a variable that is statistically significant in bivariate logistic regression as a candidate variable. Multivariable model analysis showed that unmarried status AOR = 18.37 (95% CI: 1.56-216.14), maternal fever during delivery AOR = 4.74 (95% CI: 1.63-13.8), and premature rupture of membrane AOR = 7.53 (95% CI: 2.19-25.6) were variables that increased the odds of developing neonatal sepsis.
The study's findings indicate that neonatal sepsis is highly prevalent. Unmarried maternal status, maternal fever during delivery, and premature rupture of the membrane were predictors of neonatal sepsis. Therefore, providing training for health workers and close monitoring and evaluation during obstetric and neonatal care are crucial to halt the occurrence of neonatal sepsis.
新生儿败血症是全球主要的公共卫生问题。它是全球新生儿死亡和发病的主要原因之一。发展中国家的新生儿死亡率较高，而这些国家新生儿败血症的范围和病因尚不清楚。新生儿败血症是埃塞俄比亚新生儿死亡的主要原因。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部瓦切莫大学综合专科医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的新生儿中新生儿败血症的比例，并确定其母亲和新生儿的危险因素。
2022年5月至2022年7月，在埃塞俄比亚南部瓦切莫大学综合专科医院新生儿重症监护病房进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。共有205名有索引母亲的新生儿参与了研究。采用连续抽样技术，使用一份经过预测试的结构化问卷从研究对象中收集数据。数据录入适用于Windows的EpiData Manager 3.1版本，然后导出到SPSS 22版本进行进一步的数据清理和分析。通过频率、百分比和汇总统计进行描述性分析，以描述关键变量。使用多变量回归模型来确定与新生儿败血症相关的因素。最后，当P值小于0.05时宣布具有统计学意义，并使用95%置信水平的调整优势比（AOR）来宣布变量与结果变量之间的关联。
新生儿败血症的总体患病率为39.5%（95%CI：33.7 - 45.9）。通过将双变量逻辑回归中具有统计学意义的变量作为候选变量进行多变量分析。多变量模型分析显示，未婚状态AOR = 18.37（95%CI：1.56 - 216.14）、分娩时母亲发热AOR = 4.74（95%CI：1.63 - 13.8）以及胎膜早破AOR = 7.53（95%CI：2.19 - 25.6）是增加新生儿败血症发病几率的变量。
该研究结果表明新生儿败血症非常普遍。母亲未婚状态、分娩时母亲发热和胎膜早破是新生儿败血症的预测因素。因此，对卫生工作者进行培训以及在产科和新生儿护理期间进行密切监测和评估对于阻止新生儿败血症的发生至关重要。
