Alhazmi Jawharah, Alhazmi Shaima, Alharbi Enas, Alghamdi Areej, Alrumaithi Rawan, Altamimi Mohammed, Alharbi Shahad, Aljohani Bader, Alghamdi Faisal
Pediatric Medicine, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Medical City, Madinah, SAU.
Pediatric Medicine, Ohud Hospital, Madinah, SAU.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 17;15(6):e40571. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40571. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Asthma control among asthmatic children still remains suboptimal. Saudi literature are scarce in this context, and there is a paucity of reports that compare asthma control level pre- and post-education program directed to asthmatic patients and their parents.
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of asthma education and flu vaccination on asthma control in asthmatic children in Madinah region from 2020 to 2021, in terms of ED visits, hospitalization, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, and asthma control level.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at primary health care (PHC) centers in Al-Madinah City, Saudi Arabia. The study analyzed data from 804 asthmatic children patients from randomly selected six PHC centers. The data were collected by a valid structured questionnaire. The questionnaire included socio-demographic and clinical data. Child asthma symptoms control was examined by the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) for children aged 5-12 years, and the Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) for children less than five years of age. The collected data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical tests.
The mean age of the studied children was 6.1±3.0 (1-14 years), with 59.8% of them being males. There have been statistically significant reductions for asthmatic children in ED visits/month, hospitalization, and pediatric ICU admission/years in the post-education groups for all studied patients and patients <five years and five to 12 years. The average ACT and TRACK scores were significantly higher in the post-education group. The controlled asthma was also significantly higher among post-education groups. The rate of ED visits, hospitalization, critical care needs, and PICU admission significantly decreased among children receiving flu vaccination.
This study emphasizes the role of asthma education and flu vaccination in improving asthma control status of asthmatic children and in decreasing the rate of ED visits, hospitalization, and critical care needs. More longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to confirm these findings.
哮喘儿童的哮喘控制情况仍未达到最佳水平。沙特在这方面的文献较少，而且缺乏针对哮喘患者及其家长的教育项目前后哮喘控制水平比较的报告。
本研究的目的是评估2020年至2021年麦地那地区哮喘教育和流感疫苗接种对哮喘儿童哮喘控制的影响，包括急诊就诊、住院、儿科重症监护病房（PICU）入院情况以及哮喘控制水平。
在沙特阿拉伯麦地那市的初级卫生保健（PHC）中心进行了一项横断面研究。该研究分析了从随机选择的六个PHC中心选取的804名哮喘儿童患者的数据。数据通过有效的结构化问卷收集。问卷包括社会人口统计学和临床数据。5至12岁儿童的哮喘症状控制通过儿童哮喘控制测试（C-ACT）进行检查，小于5岁儿童的哮喘症状控制通过儿童呼吸与哮喘控制测试（TRACK）进行检查。使用适当的统计测试对收集的数据进行分析。
研究儿童的平均年龄为6.1±3.0岁（1至14岁），其中59.8%为男性。在所有研究患者以及5岁以下和5至12岁患者的教育后组中，哮喘儿童的每月急诊就诊次数、住院次数和每年儿科ICU入院次数均有统计学意义的显著减少。教育后组的平均ACT和TRACK分数显著更高。教育后组中哮喘得到控制的比例也显著更高。接受流感疫苗接种的儿童的急诊就诊率、住院率、重症监护需求率和PICU入院率显著降低。
本研究强调了哮喘教育和流感疫苗接种在改善哮喘儿童哮喘控制状况以及降低急诊就诊率、住院率和重症监护需求率方面的作用。需要更多的纵向和实验研究来证实这些发现。
