Howard J H, Cunningham D A, Rechnitzer P A
J Behav Med. 1986 Jun;9(3):229-44. doi: 10.1007/BF00844771.
This research study uses longitudinal data to determine if Type A individuals, initially classified as "hardy," show differential cardiovascular and biochemical responses in the encounter with a common job stressor. Role ambiguity was utilized as a job stressor and "hardiness" was defined using the second-order factor dependence/independence from the 16-personality factor (16PF) questionnaire. The results indicated that those individuals classified as Type A1 showed blood pressure and triglyceride elevations with increased ambiguity and that dependence/independence (hardiness) moderated this effect. When all Type A's (A1 + A2) were included in the analysis similar results were found only on systolic blood pressure. The results appear consistent with earlier findings concerning the cardiovascular reactivity of Type A's. In addition, it is suggested that dependence/independence is either a major component of the concept of "hardiness" or may be a dimension of personality which distinguishes two classes of Type A behavior. It is suggested that these results may raise the interesting possibility of providing a means of identifying greater or lesser susceptibility to the coronary effects of Type A behavior.
本研究使用纵向数据来确定最初被归类为“坚韧”的A型个体在面对常见工作压力源时是否表现出不同的心血管和生化反应。角色模糊被用作工作压力源，“坚韧”是根据16种人格因素（16PF）问卷中的二阶因素依赖/独立来定义的。结果表明，那些被归类为A1型的个体，随着角色模糊程度的增加，血压和甘油三酯升高，并且依赖/独立（坚韧）调节了这种影响。当将所有A型个体（A1 + A2）纳入分析时，仅在收缩压上发现了类似的结果。这些结果似乎与早期关于A型个体心血管反应性的研究结果一致。此外，有人认为依赖/独立要么是“坚韧”概念的主要组成部分，要么可能是区分两类A型行为的人格维度。有人认为，这些结果可能会引发一个有趣的可能性，即提供一种识别对A型行为的冠状动脉影响易感性高低的方法。
