Assistant Public Health Officer, World Health Organization, Kebbi State Field Office, Ilorin, Nigeria.
FMCPH, Directorate of Planning, Research and Statistics Kwara State Ministry of Health, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2023 Jun;26(6):709-719. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_652_22.
The recent drop in immunization coverage in Nigeria has left more than 3.25 million children unimmunized and has risen concern over immunization completion among the under-five children. More so among underserved communities of pastoralist nomads and farmers that were isolated from immunization services because of operational and sociocultural factors.
A cross-sectional analytical (comparative analysis) study was carried out among 550 eligible caregivers of under-five children in nomadic and farming communities in Niger State, Nigeria. The mothers and caregivers paired with under-five children were recruited into the study using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using a validated interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed with the statistical software package (version 23).
More than half of the under-five children studied were males in both the nomadic (57.5%) and farming (52.0%) communities. The aggregated score of immunization knowledge was significantly (P < 0.001) better (Good 44.4%; Fair 49.8%) among farmers compared to their nomads' counterpart (Good 21.1%; Fair 43.6%). Conversely, almost all the respondents (98.2%) in nomadic community significantly had a good overall perception of childhood immunization compared to 77.1% in the farming community. More farmers' children (99.6%) had received immunization compared to 92.4% of the nomads' children. About 87.3% of farmers compared to 76% of the nomads' (76.0%) children reported immunization completion. About 50.5% of the farmers' and 41.4% of the nomads' children have achieved immunization on card inspection.
This study revealed that average immunization completion reported among under-five children in both farming and nomadic communities is higher than the national average. It is recommended that more strategies are needed to intensify immunization campaigns targeted at populations in Nigeria.
尼日利亚最近免疫接种率下降，导致超过 325 万名儿童未接种疫苗，人们对五岁以下儿童的免疫接种完成情况感到担忧。游牧民和农民等服务不足的社区受到运营和社会文化因素的影响，无法获得免疫服务，情况更为严重。
在尼日利亚尼日尔州的游牧和农业社区中，对 550 名符合条件的 5 岁以下儿童的照顾者进行了横断面分析（比较分析）研究。采用多阶段抽样技术招募游牧民和农民社区中与 5 岁以下儿童配对的母亲和照顾者参加研究。使用经过验证的访谈式调查问卷收集数据。使用统计软件包（版本 23）进行数据分析。
在所研究的 5 岁以下儿童中，游牧民（57.5%）和农民（52.0%）社区的儿童中有一半以上是男性。农民的免疫知识综合评分明显（P<0.001）更好（良好 44.4%；公平 49.8%），而游牧民的评分则较差（良好 21.1%；公平 43.6%）。相反，几乎所有（98.2%）游牧民社区的受访者对儿童免疫接种的总体看法都很好，而农民社区的这一比例为 77.1%。与游牧民的儿童（92.4%）相比，更多的农民的儿童（99.6%）接受了免疫接种。约 87.3%的农民社区的儿童和 76%的游牧民社区的儿童（76.0%）报告免疫接种完成。约 50.5%的农民社区的儿童和 41.4%的游牧民社区的儿童在卡片检查时已完成免疫接种。
这项研究表明，在农业和游牧社区中，报告的五岁以下儿童平均免疫接种完成率高于全国平均水平。建议需要采取更多策略来加强针对尼日利亚人口的免疫运动。
