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场景感知和视空间记忆在前视觉响应皮层的前缘汇聚。

Scene Perception and Visuospatial Memory Converge at the Anterior Edge of Visually Responsive Cortex.

机构信息

Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755

Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755.

出版信息

J Neurosci. 2023 Aug 2;43(31):5723-5737. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2043-22.2023. Epub 2023 Jul 20.

Abstract

To fluidly engage with the world, our brains must simultaneously represent both the scene in front of us and our memory of the immediate surrounding environment (i.e., local visuospatial context). How does the brain's functional architecture enable sensory and mnemonic representations to closely interface while also avoiding sensory-mnemonic interference? Here, we asked this question using first-person, head-mounted virtual reality and fMRI. Using virtual reality, human participants of both sexes learned a set of immersive, real-world visuospatial environments in which we systematically manipulated the extent of visuospatial context associated with a scene image in memory across three learning conditions, spanning from a single FOV to a city street. We used individualized, within-subject fMRI to determine which brain areas support memory of the visuospatial context associated with a scene during recall (Experiment 1) and recognition (Experiment 2). Across the whole brain, activity in three patches of cortex was modulated by the amount of known visuospatial context, each located immediately anterior to one of the three scene perception areas of high-level visual cortex. Individual subject analyses revealed that these anterior patches corresponded to three functionally defined place memory areas, which selectively respond when visually recalling personally familiar places. In addition to showing activity levels that were modulated by the amount of visuospatial context, multivariate analyses showed that these anterior areas represented the identity of the specific environment being recalled. Together, these results suggest a convergence zone for scene perception and memory of the local visuospatial context at the anterior edge of high-level visual cortex. As we move through the world, the visual scene around us is integrated with our memory of the wider visuospatial context. Here, we sought to understand how the functional architecture of the brain enables coexisting representations of the current visual scene and memory of the surrounding environment. Using a combination of immersive virtual reality and fMRI, we show that memory of visuospatial context outside the current FOV is represented in a distinct set of brain areas immediately anterior and adjacent to the perceptually oriented scene-selective areas of high-level visual cortex. This functional architecture would allow efficient interaction between immediately adjacent mnemonic and perceptual areas while also minimizing interference between mnemonic and perceptual representations.

摘要

为了与世界流畅互动,我们的大脑必须同时呈现眼前的场景和对周围环境(即局部视空间上下文)的记忆。大脑的功能架构如何使感觉和记忆代表紧密接口,同时避免感觉-记忆干扰?在这里,我们使用第一人称、头戴式虚拟现实和 fMRI 来提出这个问题。使用虚拟现实,我们让来自不同性别的人类参与者在一系列沉浸式、真实世界的视空间环境中学习,我们在三个学习条件下系统地操纵与记忆中场景图像相关的视空间上下文的程度,范围从单个视场到城市街道。我们使用个体化、个体内 fMRI 来确定在回忆(实验 1)和识别(实验 2)期间哪些大脑区域支持与场景相关的视空间上下文的记忆。在整个大脑中,三个皮质斑块的活动都受到已知视空间上下文量的调制,每个斑块都位于高级视觉皮质的三个场景感知区域中的一个的正前方。个体受试者分析显示,这些前侧斑块与三个功能定义的位置记忆区域相对应,当视觉回忆个人熟悉的地点时,这些区域会选择性地做出反应。除了显示出与视空间上下文量相关的活动水平调制之外,多元分析还表明这些前侧区域代表了正在回忆的特定环境的身份。总的来说,这些结果表明,在高级视觉皮质的前缘处,场景感知和局部视空间上下文的记忆存在一个汇聚区。当我们在世界中移动时,我们周围的视觉场景与我们对更广泛视空间上下文的记忆相结合。在这里,我们试图了解大脑的功能架构如何使当前视觉场景的共存表示和周围环境的记忆成为可能。使用沉浸式虚拟现实和 fMRI 的组合,我们表明,当前视野之外的视空间上下文的记忆是在一组与高级视觉皮质的感知定向场景选择区域相邻的不同大脑区域中表示的。这种功能架构将允许在相邻的记忆和感知区域之间进行有效的交互,同时最小化记忆和感知表示之间的干扰。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d9b/10401646/1b9198f53249/SN-JNSJ230456F001.jpg

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