Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin 33100, Turkey.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2023 Aug;98:106527. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106527. Epub 2023 Jul 17.
Currently, sustainability is one of the most critical issues confronting society today. The growing of macroalgae in ocean farms appears more sustainable than agriculture on land due to it does not require any fresh water, chemical fertiliser, or soil. Macroalgae have been shown to be a sustainable marine source of amino acids, novel bioactive phenolic and aroma compounds that can be exploitation in food, cosmetic, nutraceuticals, pharmacological applications. Despite starting the huge cultivation of macroalgae in world, bioactive compounds in the edible macroalgae have not been well characterized. Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and conventional extraction (CE) techniques were compared and red macroalgae, L. papillosa extracts were characterized. The highest amount of amino acid was glutamic acid (GLU) and composed of 35% was essential amino acids. UAE at 10% amplitude for 15 min showed significantly highest (p < 0.05) phenolic (212.03±3.03 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g) as well as antioxidant activity determined by DPPH (105.69±3.02 µmol Trolox/100 g), ABTS (238.69±2.23 µmol Trolox/100 g) radical assay and FRAP value (72.47±3.13 µmol Trolox/100 g) when in comparison with CE. Furthermore, bioactive compounds in extracts were indicated as phlorotannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids and other polyphenols using liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS). This result confirmed higher antioxidant capacity detected with the UAE. A total of 46 volatile organic compounds were identified and quantified by GC-FID/MS with HS-SPME system. This study emerges as first report to novel extraction method used and deeply characterization of L papillosa. The results seem that significant potential application in the functional food, active packaging and nutraceuticals industry.
目前，可持续性是当今社会面临的最关键问题之一。由于海洋农场中的大型藻类生长不需要淡水、化肥或土壤，因此它似乎比陆地农业更具可持续性。大型藻类已被证明是一种可持续的海洋氨基酸来源，具有新型生物活性酚类和香气化合物，可以在食品、化妆品、营养保健品、药理学应用中开发利用。尽管世界范围内已经开始大规模种植大型藻类，但可食用大型藻类中的生物活性化合物尚未得到很好的描述。超声辅助提取（UAE）和常规提取（CE）技术进行了比较，并对红色大型藻类，L. papillosa 提取物进行了表征。氨基酸含量最高的是谷氨酸（GLU），其中 35%由必需氨基酸组成。在 10%的振幅下超声提取 15 分钟，表现出最高的酚含量（212.03±3.03 mg 没食子酸当量/100 g）和 DPPH（105.69±3.02 μmol Trolox/100 g）、ABTS（238.69±2.23 μmol Trolox/100 g）自由基测定和 FRAP 值（72.47±3.13 μmol Trolox/100 g）的抗氧化活性，与 CE 相比。此外，使用液相色谱-二极管阵列检测-电喷雾串联质谱（LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS）对提取物中的生物活性化合物进行了鉴定，表明其为岩藻多酚、类黄酮、酚酸和其他多酚。这一结果证实了 UAE 检测到的更高的抗氧化能力。通过 GC-FID/MS 和 HS-SPME 系统共鉴定和定量了 46 种挥发性有机化合物。本研究首次报道了新型提取方法的应用和 L. papillosa 的深入表征。研究结果表明，该方法在功能性食品、活性包装和营养保健品行业具有显著的潜在应用前景。
