National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, 22-32 King Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Jane Foss Russel Building, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Harm Reduct J. 2023 Jul 21;20(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s12954-023-00832-8.
Supported accommodation intends to address challenges arising following release from prison; however, impact of services, and of specific service components, is unclear. We describe key characteristics of supported accommodation, including program components and outcomes/impact; and distil best-evidence components.
We conducted a systematic review, searching relevant databases in November 2022. Data were synthesised via effect direction plots according to the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines. We assessed study quality using the McGill Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and certainty in evidence using the GRADE framework.
Twenty-eight studies were included; predominantly cross-sectional. Program components which address life skills, vocational training, AOD use, and mental health appear to positively impact criminal justice outcomes. Criminal justice outcomes were the most commonly reported, and while we identified a reduction in parole revocations and reincarceration, outcomes were otherwise mixed. Variable design, often lacking rigour, and inconsistent outcome reporting limited assessment of these outcomes, and subsequently certainty in findings was low.
Post-release supported accommodation may reduce parole revocations and reincarceration. Despite limitations in the literature, the findings presented herein represent current best evidence. Future studies should clearly define program components and measure their impact; use analyses which reflect the high risk of adverse outcomes, such as time-to-event analyses; and consider outcomes which reflect the range of challenges faced by people leaving prison.
PROSPERO registration CRD42020189821.
支持性住宿旨在解决出狱后面临的挑战；然而，服务的影响以及特定服务组件的影响尚不清楚。我们描述了支持性住宿的主要特征，包括计划组件和结果/影响；并提炼出最佳证据组件。
我们于 2022 年 11 月进行了系统综述，在相关数据库中进行了搜索。根据综合无荟萃分析指南，通过效应方向图对数据进行了综合。我们使用 McGill 混合方法评估工具评估了研究质量，并使用 GRADE 框架评估了证据的确定性。
共纳入 28 项研究，主要为横断面研究。针对生活技能、职业培训、药物和酒精使用以及心理健康的项目组件似乎对刑事司法结果产生了积极影响。刑事司法结果是最常报告的结果，尽管我们发现假释撤销和再监禁的减少，但结果却不尽相同。设计变量、缺乏严谨性以及不一致的结果报告限制了对这些结果的评估，因此发现的确定性较低。
出狱后的支持性住宿可能会减少假释撤销和再监禁。尽管文献存在局限性，但本文提出的结果代表了当前的最佳证据。未来的研究应明确界定计划组件并衡量其影响；使用反映高不良事件风险的分析方法，例如时间事件分析；并考虑反映离开监狱的人面临的各种挑战的结果。
PROSPERO 注册 CRD42020189821。
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