Technol Health Care. 2024;32(1):327-333. doi: 10.3233/THC-230183.
Amblyopia is a neurological deficit in binocular vision that affects 3% of the population and is the result of disruptions in early visual development.
In this study, we used a visual perceptual learning system for the short-term treatment of children with ametropic amblyopia and evaluated the clinical efficacy of this system in terms of visual plasticity.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 114 children (228 eyes) with refractive amblyopia, who were aged 6.51 ± 1.51 years. Prior to the treatment, we evaluated all children with amblyopia using the visual information processing test. We determined the type of amblyopic defect according to the type of amblyopia, corrected visual acuity, and advanced visual function test results. Based on the type of defect, each child with amblyopia was given short-term visual perception training for 10 days. Finally, we compared the results of visual acuity and visual information processing tests before and after the treatment.
The best-corrected visual acuity of patients was better after 10 days of visual training than that before training (P< 0.05). The perceptual eye position after training improved with statistically significant differences in horizontal and vertical perceptual eye position (both P< 0.05) compared to that before training. The number of amblyopic children without suppression in both eyes was 81 cases (71.1%) after training which was higher than that (65 cases, or 57.0%) before training, with a statistically significant difference (P< 0.05). Binocular fine stereopsis and dynamic stereopsis improved after training with a statistically significant difference (both P< 0.05).
In this study, it was found that patients with amblyopia showed visual plasticity. Moreover, continuous visual perceptual learning improved the best-corrected visual acuity and recovered stereopsis in children with refractive amblyopia.
弱视是一种影响 3%人群的双眼视觉神经功能缺陷，是早期视觉发育障碍的结果。
本研究采用视觉感知学习系统对屈光不正性弱视儿童进行短期治疗，并从视觉可塑性的角度评估该系统的临床疗效。
回顾性分析 114 例（228 眼）屈光不正性弱视儿童的临床资料，年龄 6.51±1.51 岁。所有弱视儿童在治疗前均采用视觉信息处理测试进行评估。根据弱视类型、矫正视力和高级视觉功能测试结果确定弱视缺陷类型。根据缺陷类型，为每个弱视儿童进行为期 10 天的短期视觉感知训练。最后比较治疗前后视力和视觉信息处理测试的结果。
视觉训练 10 天后患者最佳矫正视力较训练前提高（P<0.05）。训练后感知眼位较训练前在水平和垂直方向均有明显改善（均 P<0.05）。双眼无抑制的弱视儿童数量由训练前的 65 例（57.0%）增加至 81 例（71.1%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。训练后双眼精细立体视和动态立体视均有明显改善（均 P<0.05）。
本研究发现弱视患者存在视觉可塑性。此外，连续的视觉感知学习可提高屈光不正性弱视儿童的最佳矫正视力，并恢复其立体视功能。
