de Melo Ubiratan Pereira, Ferreira Cíntia
1- Veterinarian, D.Sc., Centro Universitário Mauricio de Nassau, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Braz J Vet Med. 2023 Jul 5;45:e000323. doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm000323. eCollection 2023.
Oral and dental diseases are common in horses, as evidenced by the results of incidence studies of dental diseases carried out on abattoir specimens or sports horses. Thus, periodic dental examinations in horses are essential to ensure the maintenance of dental health and proper use of ingested food. A retrospective study of the dental records of 416 Quarter Horses (256 males, 160 females), distributed in the western region of the Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, was conducted. Horses were examined between July 2012 and August 2022. The variables collected were age, sex, type of diet, dental alterations identified, and history of colic in the last 365 days. The animals were divided into three groups according to age: group I (2 to 6 years old), group II (7to12 years old), and group III (13to 24 years old). Pairwise comparisons were performed using Tukey's correction. The most frequent dental alterations were excessive tip of the tooth enamel, limited/asymmetric lateral excussion, oral ulceration, eruption of the first premolar tooth, and rostral hook. Statistical differences (p<0.05) were observed between the age groups in the following alterations: excessive tip of the tooth enamel, limited/asymmetric lateral excussion, eruption of the first premolar tooth, rostral hook, palatitis, step, caudal hook, retention of deciduous cheek teeth, wave, tartarus, underbite, periodontal disease, and incisors of the dorsal curve. Dental disorders in horses are of major clinical importance.
口腔和牙齿疾病在马匹中很常见，对屠宰场标本或运动马进行的牙齿疾病发病率研究结果证明了这一点。因此，定期对马匹进行牙齿检查对于确保维持牙齿健康和正确使用摄入的食物至关重要。对分布在巴西北里奥格兰德州西部地区的416匹夸特马（256匹雄性，160匹雌性）的牙齿记录进行了一项回顾性研究。这些马在2012年7月至2022年8月期间接受了检查。收集的变量包括年龄、性别、饮食类型、确定的牙齿改变以及过去365天内的绞痛病史。根据年龄将动物分为三组：第一组（2至6岁）、第二组（7至12岁）和第三组（13至24岁）。使用Tukey校正进行两两比较。最常见的牙齿改变是牙釉质尖端过度、侧向研磨受限/不对称、口腔溃疡、第一前磨牙萌出、吻钩。在以下改变方面，各年龄组之间观察到统计学差异（p<0.05）：牙釉质尖端过度、侧向研磨受限/不对称、第一前磨牙萌出、吻钩、腭炎、台阶、尾钩、乳牙颊齿滞留、波浪状、牙结石、下颌前突、牙周病和背侧曲线切牙。马匹的牙齿疾病具有重要的临床意义。
