Landis J R, Koch G G
Biometrics. 1977 Mar;33(1):159-74.
This paper presents a general statistical methodology for the analysis of multivariate categorical data arising from observer reliability studies. The procedure essentially involves the construction of functions of the observed proportions which are directed at the extent to which the observers agree among themselves and the construction of test statistics for hypotheses involving these functions. Tests for interobserver bias are presented in terms of first-order marginal homogeneity and measures of interobserver agreement are developed as generalized kappa-type statistics. These procedures are illustrated with a clinical diagnosis example from the epidemiological literature.
本文提出了一种用于分析观察者可靠性研究中产生的多变量分类数据的通用统计方法。该过程主要包括构建观察比例的函数，这些函数针对观察者之间的一致程度，以及构建涉及这些函数的假设检验统计量。观察者间偏差的检验以一阶边际同质性来表示，观察者间一致性的度量则发展为广义kappa型统计量。这些过程通过流行病学文献中的一个临床诊断实例进行说明。
