Shafique Muhammad Ashir, Haseeb Abdul, Siddiq Mohammad Arham, Mussarat Abdullah, Rangwala Hussain Sohail, Mustafa Muhammad Saqlain
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Cancer Manag Res. 2023 Jul 18;15:699-706. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S418009. eCollection 2023.
Urothelial carcinoma is a common malignancy that affects the urinary system, with bladder cancer being the most prevalent form. Although the management of early-stage disease has seen significant improvements, the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma remains challenging. Over the past decade, there has been an explosion in the number of therapies available for the treatment of advanced disease, with immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates leading the way. Enfortumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets Nectin-4, a protein that is overexpressed in urothelial carcinoma cells. In clinical trials, it has shown promising outcomes for the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma that has progressed after chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The US Food and Drug Administration has granted expedited approval for enfortumab vedotin in the treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma. This review provides an overview of the current and emerging treatments for urothelial carcinoma, with a particular focus on enfortumab vedotin. We discuss the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety, and ongoing research of enfortumab vedotin, along with the current landscape of other approved therapies and promising agents in development. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date summary of the available treatment options for urothelial carcinoma, including their limitations and future prospects.
尿路上皮癌是一种影响泌尿系统的常见恶性肿瘤，其中膀胱癌最为普遍。尽管早期疾病的治疗有了显著改善，但局部晚期和转移性尿路上皮癌的治疗仍然具有挑战性。在过去十年中，可用于治疗晚期疾病的疗法数量激增，免疫检查点抑制剂和抗体药物偶联物处于领先地位。恩杂鲁胺是一种靶向Nectin-4的抗体药物偶联物，Nectin-4是一种在尿路上皮癌细胞中过度表达的蛋白质。在临床试验中，它在治疗化疗或免疫治疗后进展的晚期尿路上皮癌方面显示出了有前景的结果。美国食品药品监督管理局已加速批准恩杂鲁胺用于治疗晚期尿路上皮癌。本综述概述了尿路上皮癌的现有和新兴治疗方法，特别关注恩杂鲁胺。我们讨论了恩杂鲁胺的作用机制、临床疗效、安全性和正在进行的研究，以及其他已批准疗法和有前景的在研药物的现状。本综述的目的是提供尿路上皮癌可用治疗选择的全面和最新总结，包括它们的局限性和未来前景。
