Tanoue Shuichi, Tanaka Norimitsu, Koganemaru Masamichi, Kuhara Asako, Kugiyama Tomoko, Sawano Miyuki, Abe Toshi
Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
Interv Radiol (Higashimatsuyama). 2023 Jun 3;8(2):23-35. doi: 10.22575/interventionalradiology.2022-0009. eCollection 2023 Jul 1.
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular malformations that present high-flow direct communication between the arteries and veins, not involving the capillary beds. They can be progressive and lead to various manifestations, including abnormal skin or mucosal findings, ischemia, hemorrhage, and high-output heart failure in severe cases. AVMs often involve the head and neck region. Head and neck AVMs can present region-specific clinical manifestations, angioarchitecture, and complications, especially in cosmetic appearance and ingestion, respiratory, and neuronal functions. Therefore, when planning endovascular treatment of head and neck AVMs, physicians should consider not only the treatment strategy but also the preservation of the cosmetic appearance and critical functions. Knowledge of the functional vascular anatomy as well as treatment techniques should facilitate a successful management. This review summarizes AVMs' clinical manifestations, imaging findings, treatment strategy, and complications.
动静脉畸形（AVM）是一种血管畸形，其动脉和静脉之间存在高流量的直接连通，不涉及毛细血管床。它们可能会进展并导致各种表现，包括皮肤或黏膜异常、缺血、出血，严重时还会导致高输出量心力衰竭。AVM常累及头颈部区域。头颈部AVM可呈现特定区域的临床表现、血管构筑和并发症，尤其是在外观、吞咽、呼吸和神经功能方面。因此，在计划对头颈部AVM进行血管内治疗时，医生不仅应考虑治疗策略，还应考虑保留外观和关键功能。了解功能性血管解剖结构以及治疗技术有助于成功治疗。本综述总结了AVM的临床表现、影像学表现、治疗策略和并发症。
