Vacher Philippe, Merlin Quentin, Levillain Guillaume, Mourot Laurent, Martinent Guillaume, Nicolas Michel
Research Center for Education Learning and Didactics (EA 3875), Faculty of Sports Science, University Brest, 29200 Brest, France.
Laboratory Psy-DREPI (EA 7458), University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2023 Jun 30;8(3):94. doi: 10.3390/jfmk8030094.
This study examined the effect of an asynchronous heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BFBasync) protocol on national-level adolescent swimmers' cognitive appraisals and recovery-stress states during a six-week ecological training period. A polynomial mixed-effects multilevel regression analysis approach was used with 27 adolescent national-level swimmers randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 14) and a control group (n = 13). Six waves of assessments of cognitive appraisals and recovery-stress states were completed during six weeks of training preparation in ecological conditions. The results revealed that the HRV-BFBasync protocol significantly predicts lower levels of biopsychosocial stress states and cognitive stress. However, no significant effects were found for biopsychosocial recovery scales and cognitive perceived control. The results suggested that total stress states, sport-specific stress, and cognitive perceived stress evolutions are a function of polynomial time third-degree interactions with HRV-BFB protocol. Overall, this study suggested that the HRV-BFBasync protocol leads adolescent athletes to experience lower biopsychosocial and cognitive stress levels during training periodization. Our results also suggest that HRV-BFB induces complex evolutions over time for stress and recovery states but does not have a predictive function for the recovery states and perceived control.
本研究考察了一种异步心率变异性生物反馈（HRV-BFBasync）方案在为期六周的生态训练期间对国家级青少年游泳运动员认知评估和恢复-应激状态的影响。采用多项式混合效应多级回归分析方法，将27名国家级青少年游泳运动员随机分为干预组（n = 14）和对照组（n = 13）。在生态环境下为期六周的训练准备期间，完成了六次认知评估和恢复-应激状态的评估。结果显示，HRV-BFBasync方案能显著预测较低水平的生物心理社会应激状态和认知应激。然而，在生物心理社会恢复量表和认知感知控制方面未发现显著影响。结果表明，总应激状态、特定运动应激和认知感知应激的演变是与HRV-BFB方案的多项式时间三次交互作用的函数。总体而言，本研究表明，HRV-BFBasync方案使青少年运动员在训练周期中经历较低的生物心理社会和认知应激水平。我们的结果还表明，HRV-BFB随着时间的推移会引起应激和恢复状态的复杂演变，但对恢复状态和感知控制没有预测作用。
