超越多发性硬化症心理理论缺陷的简单性：从运动知觉到社会情感抽象和心理化。

Beyond the simplicity of theory of mind deficit in multiple sclerosis: from kinetic perception to socio-emotional abstraction and mentalizing.

机构信息

IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Italy.

出版信息

Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2023 Sep;77:104894. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104894. Epub 2023 Jul 17.

DOI:10.1016/j.msard.2023.104894

PMID:37490809

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Theory of Mind (ToM) processing in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is still poorly understood due to the difficulty of most tasks in qualifying the mentalizing deficit net of cognitive load.

METHODS

In this study, we administered the New False Belief Animation Task (NFBAT) to 50 MS and 33 healthy controls (HC) to investigate spontaneous mentalizing in ToM and goal-directed interactions. The global cognitive level was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). NFBAT appropriateness and intentionality scores were computed to investigate the ToM accuracy and intentionality attribution difficulties. NFBAT answers were qualitatively analyzed and categorized into kinetically and socially coherent/not coherent responses to test a low-level perceptual deficit.

RESULTS

The main result showed dysfunctional mentalizing reasoning in MS compared to HC in the NFBAT Intentionality score in ToM conditions (p = 0.028, d = 0.501), while the two groups were equally proficient in mentalization accuracy. The Intentionality underperformance in MS was related to social low-level perceptual processing (β =0.06, p < 0.001) and visuospatial functions (β =0.05, p =0.002). A predictive role of memory and executive functions on NFBAT Intentionality scores was not observed.

CONCLUSION

These results strengthen the hypothesis that ToM in MS is likely related to low-level social processing.

摘要

背景

由于大多数任务都难以在认知负荷之外确定心理化缺陷，因此多发性硬化症（MS）中的心理理论（ToM）处理仍未得到充分理解。

方法

在这项研究中，我们对 50 名 MS 患者和 33 名健康对照者（HC）进行了新的虚假信念动画任务（NFBAT），以研究 ToM 中的自发心理化和目标导向的相互作用。蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）评估整体认知水平。计算了 NFBAT 的适当性和意向性评分，以研究 ToM 的准确性和意向性归因困难。对 NFBAT 的回答进行了定性分析，并分为运动学和社会上一致/不一致的反应，以测试低水平的感知缺陷。

结果

主要结果表明，与 HC 相比，MS 患者在 NFBAT 的 ToM 条件下的意向性评分中表现出功能失调的心理推理（p=0.028，d=0.501），而两组在心理化准确性方面表现相当。MS 中的意向性表现不佳与社会低水平的感知处理（β=0.06，p<0.001）和视空间功能（β=0.05，p=0.002）有关。未观察到记忆和执行功能对 NFBAT 意向性评分的预测作用。