Khan Abdullah, Wei Yibin, Adnan Muhammad, Ali Izhar, Zhang Muqing
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jul 10;14:1197246. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1197246. eCollection 2023.
Ratooning in sugarcane often leads to soil problems such as degradation, acidification, and soil-borne diseases that negatively impact agriculture output and sustainability. Understanding the alteration in bacterial communities, activities, and their diversity connected to the plant and soil under consecutive ratooning still needs to be clarified. To address this gap, multidisciplinary approaches such as Illumina sequencing and measurement of soil nutrients and enzymes were used in this study to analyze soil samples in a field with three consecutive ratooning sugarcane crops. The results revealed a decline in crop yield and significant changes ( < 0.05) in soil nutrients and bacterial diversity. Ratooning resulted in an acidic environment that potentially affected soil nutrients and enzyme activity responsible for the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous. Non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) confirmed the effect of ratooning on soil attributes. Moreover, a positive correlation between soil physiochemical properties and soil enzymes was observed. Alpha diversity indices indicated greater bacterial diversity in ratooning sugarcane. Bacterial diversity varied throughout the ratooning crop, and significant ( < 0.05) changes in the relative abundance of specific phyla were observed. For example, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was decreased, and Acidobacteria was increased. Furthermore, the relative abundance of bacterial phyla was strongly correlated with soil attributes (enzymes and nutrients). Additionally, ratooning results in the depletion or enrichment of important agriculture microbial genera such as , and ( < 0.05), respectively. In conclusion, ratooning led to soil acidification, decreased fertility, and altered microbial structure and activity. Thus, restraining soil acidity by means of liming or biofertilizers to maintain soil nutrients, enzymatic activities, and microbial structure could benefit plants and soil to help create a long-term eco-friendly sugarcane cropping system.
甘蔗宿根栽培常常会引发土壤问题，如土壤退化、酸化以及土传病害，这些问题会对农业产量和可持续性产生负面影响。连续宿根栽培下，与植物和土壤相关的细菌群落、活性及其多样性的变化仍有待明确。为填补这一空白，本研究采用了多学科方法，如Illumina测序以及土壤养分和酶的测定，以分析一块连续种植三季宿根甘蔗的田地中的土壤样本。结果显示作物产量下降，土壤养分和细菌多样性发生显著变化（<0.05）。宿根栽培导致了酸性环境，这可能影响了负责碳、氮和磷循环的土壤养分和酶活性。非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS）证实了宿根栽培对土壤属性的影响。此外，还观察到土壤理化性质与土壤酶之间存在正相关。α多样性指数表明宿根甘蔗中的细菌多样性更高。细菌多样性在整个宿根作物生长过程中有所变化，特定门类的相对丰度出现了显著（<0.05）变化。例如，变形菌门的相对丰度下降，而酸杆菌门的相对丰度增加。此外，细菌门类的相对丰度与土壤属性（酶和养分）密切相关。另外，宿根栽培分别导致重要农业微生物属的减少或富集，如 、 和 （<0.05）。总之，宿根栽培导致了土壤酸化、肥力下降以及微生物结构和活性的改变。因此，通过施用石灰或生物肥料来抑制土壤酸度，以维持土壤养分、酶活性和微生物结构，可能有利于植物和土壤，有助于建立长期的生态友好型甘蔗种植系统。
