手术前后减少酒精摄入：两种治疗方法的定性研究
Reducing Alcohol Use Before and After Surgery: Qualitative Study of Two Treatment Approaches.
作者信息
Chapman Lyndsay, Ren Tom, Solka Jake, Bazzi Angela R, Borsari Brian, Mello Michael J, Fernandez Anne C
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States.
出版信息
JMIR Perioper Med. 2023 Jul 26;6:e42532. doi: 10.2196/42532.
BACKGROUND
High-risk alcohol use is a common preventable risk factor for postoperative complications, admission to intensive care, and longer hospital stays. Short-term abstinence from alcohol use (2 to 4 weeks) prior to surgery is linked to a lower likelihood of postoperative complications.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to explore the acceptability and feasibility of 2 brief counseling approaches to reduce alcohol use in elective surgical patients with high-risk alcohol use in the perioperative period.
METHODS
A semistructured interview study was conducted with a group of "high responders" (who reduced alcohol use ≥50% postbaseline) and "low responders" (who reduced alcohol use by ≤25% postbaseline) after their completion of a pilot trial to explore the acceptability and perceived impacts on drinking behaviors of the 2 counseling interventions delivered remotely by phone or video call. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.
RESULTS
In total, 19 participants (10 high responders and 9 low responders) from the parent trial took part in interviews. Three main themes were identified: (1) the intervention content was novel and impactful, (2) the choice of intervention modality enhanced participant engagement in the intervention, and (3) factors external to the interventions also influenced alcohol use.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings support the acceptability of both high- and low-intensity brief counseling approaches. Elective surgical patients are interested in receiving alcohol-focused education, and further research is needed to test the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing drinking before and after surgery.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03929562; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03929562.
背景
高危饮酒是术后并发症、入住重症监护病房以及住院时间延长的常见可预防风险因素。术前短期戒酒（2至4周）与术后并发症发生可能性降低相关。
目的
本研究旨在探讨两种简短咨询方法在围手术期减少高危饮酒择期手术患者饮酒量方面的可接受性和可行性。
方法
在一组“高反应者”（基线后饮酒量减少≥50%）和“低反应者”（基线后饮酒量减少≤25%）完成一项试点试验后，进行了一项半结构化访谈研究，以探讨通过电话或视频通话远程提供的两种咨询干预措施对饮酒行为的可接受性和感知影响。使用主题分析法对访谈记录进行分析。
结果
共有19名来自原试验的参与者（10名高反应者和9名低反应者）参加了访谈。确定了三个主要主题：（1）干预内容新颖且有影响力，（2）干预方式的选择增强了参与者对干预的参与度，（3）干预措施之外的因素也会影响饮酒。
结论
研究结果支持高强度和低强度简短咨询方法的可接受性。择期手术患者对接受以酒精为重点的教育感兴趣，需要进一步研究来测试这些干预措施在减少手术前后饮酒方面的有效性。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03929562；https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03929562 。
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