Cleveland Clinic Children's Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, 8950 Euclid Avenue, R Building, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Marshfield Clinic Health Systems, Marshfield Children's Hospital, 3rd Floor, 3D, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2023 Sep;52(3):417-430. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.02.001. Epub 2023 Mar 16.
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become the most common cause for chronic liver disease among children and adolescents globally. Although liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, emerging technology, like velocity controlled transient elastography, a noninvasive method, is being utilized to evaluate degree of fibrosis in these patients. The discovery of multiple gene polymorphisms has brought new hope for possible treatment targets. However, this research is still ongoing, making lifestyle changes and weight reduction the current mainstay of treatment. This review briefly reviews the most recent data regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic modalities, and treatment of pediatric MAFLD.
代谢相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）已成为目前全球儿童和青少年慢性肝病的最常见病因。虽然肝活检仍然是诊断的金标准，但新兴技术，如速度控制的瞬时弹性成像，一种非侵入性的方法，正被用于评估这些患者的纤维化程度。多种基因多态性的发现为可能的治疗靶点带来了新的希望。然而，这项研究仍在进行中，生活方式的改变和体重的减轻仍然是目前治疗的主要方法。本文简要回顾了关于儿科 MAFLD 的流行病学、病理生理学、诊断方法和治疗的最新数据。
