Ali Mubarak, Lin I-Nan
Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Campus, Park Road 45550 Pakistan
Department of Physics, Tamkang University Tamsui District New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan
Nanoscale Adv. 2023 Jun 30;5(15):3871-3878. doi: 10.1039/d3na00346a. eCollection 2023 Jul 25.
The study of tiny-sized particles is beneficial in many ways. This has been the subject of many studies. The development of a tiny-sized particle depends on the attained dynamics of the atoms. In the development process of a tiny-sized particle, gold atoms must deal with different modification behaviors. Photons traveling along the air-solution interface also alter the characteristics of a developing tiny-sized particle. The electronic structures, modification behaviors, and attained dynamics of the atoms mainly contribute toward the development of tiny-sized particles. Energy under the supplied source and the local resulting forces collectively bind gold atoms. Both internally and externally driven dynamics influence the development process of different tiny-sized particles. Atoms in such developed tiny-sized particles do not experience the collective oscillations upon photons traveling along the air-solution interface. In the study of binding atoms, it is essential to consider the roles of both energy and force. Here, the development of tiny particles having different sizes presents a convincing discussion. Nucleating a distorted particle from the non-uniform amalgamation of tiny-sized particles is also discussed.
对微小粒子的研究在许多方面都有益处。这一直是众多研究的主题。微小粒子的发展取决于原子所达到的动力学状态。在微小粒子的发展过程中,金原子必须应对不同的改性行为。沿气 - 溶液界面传播的光子也会改变正在形成的微小粒子的特性。原子的电子结构、改性行为以及所达到的动力学状态主要促成了微小粒子的发展。供应源下的能量和局部产生的力共同束缚着金原子。内部和外部驱动的动力学都影响着不同微小粒子的发展过程。在这样形成的微小粒子中的原子,不会因沿气 - 溶液界面传播的光子而经历集体振荡。在研究结合原子时,考虑能量和力的作用至关重要。在此,对不同尺寸微小粒子的发展进行了有说服力的讨论。还讨论了从微小粒子的不均匀融合中形成扭曲粒子的成核过程。