Ion Valentin, Teodorescu Valentin, Birjega Ruxandra, Dinescu Maria, Mitterbauer Christoph, Alexandrou Ioannis, Ghitiu Ioan, Craciun Floriana, Scarisoreanu Nicu D
National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor, Magurele 077125, Romania.
National Institute of Materials Physics, 105 bis Atomistilor, Magurele 077125, Romania.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Aug 9;15(31):38039-38048. doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c06499. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Pockels and Kerr effects are linear and nonlinear electro-optical effects, respectively, used in many applications. The modulation of the refractive index is employed in different photonic circuits. However, the greatest challenge is in photonic elements for quantum computing at room temperature. For this aim, materials with strong Pockels/Kerr effects and χ/χ nonlinear susceptibilities are necessary. Here, we demonstrate composition-modulated strong electro-optical response in epitaxial films of (Ba,Ca)(Ti,Zr)O perovskite titanate. These films are grown by pulsed laser deposition on SrTiO. Depending on the ratios of Ca/Ba and Ti/Zr, films show high Pockels or Kerr optical nonlinearities. We relate the variable electro-optic response to the occurrence of nanopolar domains with different symmetries in a selected composition range. These findings open the route to easily implement nonlinear optical elements in integrated photonic circuits.
普克尔斯效应和克尔效应分别是线性和非线性电光效应，在许多应用中都有使用。折射率调制被应用于不同的光子电路中。然而，最大的挑战在于室温下用于量子计算的光子元件。为此，需要具有强普克尔斯/克尔效应和χ/χ非线性极化率的材料。在此，我们展示了（Ba,Ca）（Ti,Zr）O钙钛矿钛酸盐外延薄膜中的成分调制强电光响应。这些薄膜通过脉冲激光沉积生长在SrTiO上。根据Ca/Ba和Ti/Zr的比例，薄膜表现出高普克尔斯或克尔光学非线性。我们将可变电光响应与选定成分范围内不同对称性的纳米极性畴的出现联系起来。这些发现为在集成光子电路中轻松实现非线性光学元件开辟了道路。
