New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, Weill Cornell Psychiatry Specialty Center, 315 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, Outpatient Department, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605, USA.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2023 Sep;46(3):505-525. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.04.007. Epub 2023 Jun 1.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) consists of distressing or impairing preoccupation with perceived defects in physical appearance that are actually nonexistent or only slight. This common and often-severe disorder, which affects more women than men, frequently goes unrecognized. BDD is associated with marked impairment in functioning, poor quality of life, and high rates of suicidality. Most patients seek cosmetic treatment, which virtually never improves BDD symptoms. In contrast, serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, often at high doses, and cognitive behavioral therapy that is tailored to BDD's unique clinical features are often effective. This article provides a clinical overview of BDD, including BDD in women.
躯体变形障碍（BDD）主要表现为对自身想象出来的、实际上并不存在或只有轻微缺陷的外貌缺陷的过度关注和苦恼，从而导致生活功能受损、生活质量下降，甚至出现自杀念头。BDD 非常常见，且多发于女性，但是常常被忽视。大多数患者会选择接受整容治疗，但这实际上并不能改善 BDD 症状。相比之下，高剂量的选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和针对 BDD 独特临床特征的认知行为疗法通常更有效。本文概述了 BDD 的临床表现，包括女性 BDD。
