Bjornsson Andri S, Didie Elizabeth R, Phillips Katharine A
Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2010;12(2):221-32. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2010.12.2/abjornsson.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a relatively common disorder that consists of a distressing or impairing preoccupation with imagined or slight defects in appearance. BDD is commonly considered to be an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder, based on similarities it has with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is important to recognize and appropriately treat BDD, as this disorder is associated with marked impairment in psychosocial functioning, notably poor quality of life, and high suicidality rates. In this review, we provide an overview of research findings on BDD, including its epidemiology, clinical features, course of illness, comorbidity, psychosocial functioning, and suicidality. We also briefly review recent research on neural substrates and cognitive processing. Finally, we discuss treatment approaches that appear efficacious for BDD, with a focus on serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
躯体变形障碍（BDD）是一种相对常见的疾病，其特征为对想象中的或轻微的外貌缺陷存在令人苦恼或造成损害的先占观念。基于与强迫症的相似性，BDD通常被认为是一种强迫谱系障碍。认识并妥善治疗BDD很重要，因为这种疾病与心理社会功能的显著损害相关，尤其是生活质量差和自杀率高。在本综述中，我们概述了关于BDD的研究结果，包括其流行病学、临床特征、病程、共病情况、心理社会功能和自杀倾向。我们还简要回顾了关于神经基质和认知加工的最新研究。最后，我们讨论了对BDD似乎有效的治疗方法，重点是5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和认知行为疗法。
