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用于头部冲击防护的折纸基超材料中变形模式从弯曲到负泊松比压缩的转变。

Transition of deformation modes from bending to auxetic compression in origami-based metamaterials for head protection from impact.

作者信息

Tomita Sunao, Shimanuki Kento, Oyama Shin, Nishigaki Hidekazu, Nakagawa Toshiaki, Tsutsui Masakazu, Emura Youhei, Chino Masahiko, Tanaka Hirokazu, Itou Yoshinobu, Umemoto Kazuhiko

机构信息

Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute, 480-1192, Japan.

Vehicle Structure & Performance Development Division, TOYOTA AUTO BODY CO.,LTD., Kariya, 448-8666, Japan.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 27;13(1):12221. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39200-8.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-39200-8
PMID:37500726
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10374913/
Abstract

For the protection of the human head by energy absorption structures, a soft mechanical response upon contact with the head is required to mitigate the effect of impact, while a hard mechanical response for highly efficient energy absorption is required to stop the movement of the head. This study realized the opposite mechanical properties during head protection by transitioning the deformation mode from bending to auxetic compression. First, non-linear finite element (FE) models were constructed to numerically reproduce the bending behavior. The calculated force responses agreed well with forces in bending tests. Using the FE models, the EA structures with proper transition of deformation modes were designed and installed in the seat headrests of real vehicles. Head protection was evaluated by dynamic loading in sled testing, in which the force on the head of the crash test dummy was measured. The head injury criterion improved from 274 to 155, indicating the superior performance of the tested structures compared to that achieved by energy absorption structures based on steel plates. Moreover, the deformation of auxetic structures prevented neck bending by holding the head. These findings present new possibilities for effectively protecting the human body by mitigating impact, facilitating energy absorption, and ensuring head stability.

摘要

为了通过能量吸收结构保护人体头部，需要在与头部接触时产生柔软的机械响应以减轻撞击的影响，而需要坚硬的机械响应以高效吸收能量来阻止头部的运动。本研究通过将变形模式从弯曲转变为负泊松比压缩，在头部保护过程中实现了相反的机械性能。首先，构建非线性有限元（FE）模型以数值再现弯曲行为。计算得到的力响应与弯曲试验中的力吻合良好。利用有限元模型，设计了具有适当变形模式转变的能量吸收结构，并安装在实际车辆的座椅头枕中。通过雪橇试验中的动态加载来评估头部保护效果，其中测量了碰撞试验假人头部所受的力。头部损伤标准从274降至155，表明与基于钢板的能量吸收结构相比，测试结构具有更优异的性能。此外，负泊松比结构的变形通过固定头部防止了颈部弯曲。这些发现为通过减轻撞击、促进能量吸收和确保头部稳定性来有效保护人体提供了新的可能性。

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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ed00/10374913/52fab029124e/41598_2023_39200_Fig7_HTML.jpg
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