Analysis of a heterogeneous SEIRS patch model with asymmetric mobility kernel.

In this paper, we establish a spatial heterogeneous SEIRS patch model with asymmetric mobility kernel. The basic reproduction ratio $ \mathcal{R}{0} $ is defined, and threshold-type results on global dynamics are investigated in terms of $ \mathcal{R}{0} $. In certain cases, the monotonicity of $ \mathcal{R}_{0} $ with respect to the heterogeneous diffusion coefficients is established, but this is not true in all cases. Finally, when the diffusion rate of susceptible individuals approaches zero, the long-term behavior of the endemic equilibrium is explored. In contrast to most prior studies, which focused primarily on the mobility of susceptible and symptomatic infected individuals, our findings indicate the significance of the mobility of exposed and recovered persons in disease dynamics.