McGrath Ryan, Lang Justin J, Clark Brian C, Cawthon Peggy M, Black Kennedy, Kieser Jacob, Fraser Brooklyn J, Tomkinson Grant R
Healthy Aging North Dakota (HAND), North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
Adv Geriatr Med Res. 2023;5(2). doi: 10.20900/agmr20230006. Epub 2023 Jun 25.
Strength asymmetries are a type of muscle function impairment that is associated with several health conditions. However, the prevalence of these asymmetries among adults from the United States remains unknown. We sought to estimate the prevalence and trends of handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry in American adults.
The unweighted analytic sample included 23,056 persons aged at least 50-years with information on HGS for both hands from the 2006-2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. A handgrip dynamometer measured HGS, with the highest recorded values for each hand used to calculate asymmetry. Persons were categorized into the following asymmetry severity categories: (1) >10%, (2) >20.0%, and (3) >30.0%. Survey weights were used to generate nationally-representative asymmetry estimates.
Overall, there were no statistically significant trends in HGS asymmetry categories over time. The prevalence of HGS asymmetry in the 2014-2016 wave was 53.4% (CI: 52.2-54.4), 26.0% (CI: 25.0-26.9), and 11.7% (CI: 10.9-12.3) for asymmetry at >10%, >20%, and >30%, respectively. HGS asymmetry was generally higher in older Americans compared to middle-aged adults at each wave. In the 2014-2016 wave, >30% asymmetry prevalence was 13.7% (CI: 12.7-14.6) in females and 9.3% (CI: 8.4-10.2) in males. Some differences in asymmetry prevalence by race and ethnicity were observed.
The prevalence of asymmetry was generally high, especially in women and older adults. Ongoing surveillance of strength asymmetry will help monitor trends in muscle dysfunction, guide screening for disablement, identify subpopulations at risk for asymmetry, and inform relevant interventions.
力量不对称是一种肌肉功能损伤，与多种健康状况相关。然而，美国成年人中这些不对称情况的患病率仍不明确。我们试图估算美国成年人握力（HGS）不对称的患病率及趋势。
未加权分析样本包括来自2006 - 2016年健康与退休研究各波次的23,056名年龄至少50岁且双手握力信息完整的人。用握力计测量握力，每只手记录的最高值用于计算不对称性。将研究对象分为以下不对称严重程度类别：（1）>10%，（2）>20.0%，（3）>30.0%。使用调查权重得出全国代表性的不对称性估计值。
总体而言，握力不对称类别随时间无统计学显著趋势。在2014 - 2016年波次中，握力不对称>10%、>20%和>30%的患病率分别为53.4%（CI：52.2 - 54.4）、26.0%（CI：25.0 - 26.9）和11.7%（CI：10.9 - 12.3）。在各波次中，美国老年人的握力不对称通常高于中年成年人。在2014 - 2016年波次中，女性>30%不对称患病率为13.7%（CI：12.7 - 14.6），男性为9.3%（CI：8.4 - 10.2）。观察到种族和民族在不对称患病率上存在一些差异。
不对称患病率总体较高，尤其是在女性和老年人中。持续监测力量不对称将有助于监测肌肉功能障碍趋势、指导残疾筛查、识别不对称风险亚人群并为相关干预提供信息。
