Zou Michelle Y, Cohen Robert E, Ursomanno Brendon L, Yerke Lisa M
Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
Dent J (Basel). 2023 Jun 29;11(7):163. doi: 10.3390/dj11070163.
Systemic steroids, such as prednisone, hormonal replacement therapies, or oral contraceptives, are commonly prescribed to women who might also be receiving dental implant therapy. However, the effect of these medications on dental implant survival is unknown.
The medical and dental records of individuals with dental implants (N = 1480 implants) who visited a postgraduate periodontics clinic between 2000 and 2017 were initially considered. Those younger than 21 years old, pregnant, or male were excluded according to the study's exclusion criteria. The presence of systemic diseases and conditions was assessed. Implant failure rates among female patients using systemic steroids, hormone replacement therapy, or oral contraceptives were compared with failure rates among patients not taking those medications.
The implant failure rate for the 65 implants in patients taking steroid medications was 7.69%; the failure rate for the 712 implants in patients not taking steroids was 1.54% ( < 0.001). After adjusting for smoking and the presence of diabetes, that relationship persisted, with an 8.47% implant failure rate for the 59 implants in patients taking steroids (vs. 1.54% failure for the 585 implants in patients not taking steroids; < 0.001). Regression analyses demonstrated that the odds of implant failure versus success were 5.31 times greater in patients taking systemic steroids, hormone replacement therapy, or oral contraceptives ( < 0.05). No statistically significant differences in patient plaque control were found between the experimental and control groups.
Among women, the use of systemic steroids is associated with a five-fold increase in the rate of dental implant failure, regardless of the presence of smoking or diabetes.
全身用类固醇药物，如泼尼松、激素替代疗法或口服避孕药，常用于可能同时接受牙种植治疗的女性。然而，这些药物对牙种植体存留率的影响尚不清楚。
最初考虑2000年至2017年间到研究生牙周病诊所就诊的牙种植患者（共1480颗种植体）的医疗和牙科记录。根据研究排除标准，排除年龄小于21岁、孕妇或男性患者。评估全身疾病和状况的存在情况。比较使用全身用类固醇药物、激素替代疗法或口服避孕药的女性患者的种植体失败率与未服用这些药物的患者的失败率。
服用类固醇药物患者的65颗种植体的失败率为7.69%；未服用类固醇药物患者的712颗种植体的失败率为1.54%（P<0.001）。在调整吸烟和糖尿病因素后，这种关系仍然存在，服用类固醇药物患者的59颗种植体的失败率为8.47%（未服用类固醇药物患者的585颗种植体的失败率为1.54%；P<0.001）。回归分析表明，服用全身用类固醇药物、激素替代疗法或口服避孕药的患者种植体失败与成功的几率高出5.31倍（P<0.05）。实验组和对照组之间在患者菌斑控制方面未发现统计学上的显著差异。
在女性中，无论是否存在吸烟或糖尿病，全身用类固醇药物的使用与牙种植体失败率增加五倍有关。
