School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2023 Jul 28;18(7):e0284573. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284573. eCollection 2023.
Adolescence (10-19 years) is a critical life period for growth and health. An increase in dietary diversity in the food is related to improved nutrient adequacy of the diet. However, studies conducted on dietary diversity practice among adolescents showed non-conclusive and inconsistent findings on the magnitude of the problem. Likewise, there was no meta-analysis conducted in the study area. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practice and its associated factors among adolescents in Ethiopia.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed. All articles were systematically searched by Google Scholar, PubMed, Hinari, Cochrane Library, Global Health and CINAHL. Meta-analysis was conducted by using STATA 14 software. Forest plots were used to present the pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practices. A random effect model was used to compute the pooled prevalence; while subgroup analysis was performed to identify the possible source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by the begg's and egger's test. Moreover, the associated factor of dietary diversity practices was observed.
This review involved 7 studies, and 3,950 participants. The pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practice among adolescents in Ethiopia was 39.24% (95% CI: 30.82, 47.66). Mothers with formal education [AOR = 1.98, (95% CI: 1.65, 2.36)], fathers with formal education [AOR = 2.30, (95% CI: 1.81, 2.93)], Medium wealth index [AOR = 2.75, (95% CI: 1.96, 3.86)] and urban residence [AOR = 2.88, (95% CI: 1.59, 5.22)] were positively associated with good dietary diversity practice.
The pooled prevalence of good dietary diversity practices among adolescents is low. Being urban residents, the medium wealth quintile, mothers' educational status and fathers' educational status were independent factors of good dietary diversity practice among adolescents. Therefore, focused nutritional interventions should be given to rural residents and adolescents from low economic status.
青春期（10-19 岁）是生长和健康的关键时期。增加食物中的饮食多样性与改善饮食的营养充足度有关。然而，对青少年饮食多样性实践进行的研究表明，关于问题的严重程度，研究结果并不一致。同样，在研究区域也没有进行荟萃分析。因此，进行了这项系统评价和荟萃分析，以估计埃塞俄比亚青少年良好饮食多样性实践的综合流行率及其相关因素。
遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南。通过 Google Scholar、PubMed、Hinari、Cochrane 图书馆、全球健康和 CINAHL 系统地搜索所有文章。使用 STATA 14 软件进行荟萃分析。森林图用于呈现良好饮食多样性实践的综合流行率。使用随机效应模型计算综合流行率；同时进行亚组分析以确定可能的异质性来源。通过 begg 和 egger 检验评估发表偏倚。此外，还观察了饮食多样性实践的相关因素。
这项综述涉及 7 项研究，3950 名参与者。埃塞俄比亚青少年良好饮食多样性实践的综合流行率为 39.24%（95%CI：30.82，47.66）。母亲受过正规教育（AOR=1.98，95%CI：1.65，2.36），父亲受过正规教育（AOR=2.30，95%CI：1.81，2.93），中等财富指数（AOR=2.75，95%CI：1.96，3.86）和城市居住（AOR=2.88，95%CI：1.59，5.22）与良好的饮食多样性实践呈正相关。
青少年良好饮食多样性实践的综合流行率较低。城市居民、中等财富五分位数、母亲的教育状况和父亲的教育状况是青少年良好饮食多样性实践的独立因素。因此，应针对农村居民和经济地位较低的青少年开展有针对性的营养干预措施。
