Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre-Imas12, Madrid, Dpto. de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Unidad Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca- IBSAL, Salamanca, Dpto. de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2023 Oct;223(8):510-519. doi: 10.1016/j.rceng.2023.07.007. Epub 2023 Jul 26.
Dengue is globally the most important arboviral infection. It is caused by the dengue virus and it is generally transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes' bites (Ae aegypti or Ae albopictus). In Spain it was initially eradicated in the 20th century, together with the Ae aegypti vector, and currently most of the cases reported in Spain are imported by travelers from countries with dengue transmission (imported dengue). However, in recent years, cases of dengue have been described in people residing in Spain who had not traveled to areas with known transmission (autochthonous dengue), transmitted by Aedes albopictus (the so-called tiger mosquito), present especially in the Mediterranean basin. Therefore, a good knowledge of this potentially severe disease is required, so that it can be diagnosed early, and managed correctly, thus reducing its mortality, as well as its eventual autochthonous transmission.
登革热是全球最重要的虫媒病毒感染病。它由登革病毒引起，通常通过埃及伊蚊或白纹伊蚊的叮咬传播。在西班牙，它已于 20 世纪与埃及伊蚊媒介一起被根除，目前在西班牙报告的大多数病例都是由来自有登革热传播国家的旅行者输入的（输入性登革热）。然而，近年来，在没有前往已知传播地区旅行的居住在西班牙的人群中也出现了登革热病例（本地登革热），由白纹伊蚊（所谓的虎蚊）传播，这种蚊子尤其存在于地中海盆地。因此，需要对这种潜在严重疾病有很好的了解，以便能够早期诊断并正确治疗，从而降低死亡率，以及最终的本地传播。
