健康老年人（≥60岁）抗阻运动训练引起的肌肉质量、力量和身体机能变化的性别差异评估：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。
Evaluation of sex-based differences in resistance exercise training-induced changes in muscle mass, strength, and physical performance in healthy older (≥60 y) adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Hawley Stephanie E, Bell Zachary W, Huang Yijia, Gibbs Jenna C, Churchward-Venne Tyler A
机构信息
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
出版信息
Ageing Res Rev. 2023 Nov;91:102023. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102023. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if there are sex-based differences in adaptations to resistance exercise training in healthy older adults. Following the screening process, data from 36 studies comparing older males and females (602 males; 703 females; ≥60 years of age) for changes in skeletal muscle size, muscle strength, and/or physical performance following the same resistance exercise training intervention were extracted. Mean study quality was 16/29 (modified Downs and Black checklist), considered moderate quality. Changes in absolute upper-body (Effect Size [ES] = 0.81 [95% CI 0.54, 1.09], P < 0.001), and lower-body (ES = 0.40 [95% CI 0.24, 0.56], P < 0.001) strength were greater in older males than females. Alternatively, changes in relative upper-body (ES = -0.46 [95% CI -0.77, -0.14], P < 0.01), and lower-body (ES = -0.24 [95% CI -0.42, -0.06], P < 0.01) strength were greater in older females than males. Changes in absolute, but not relative, whole-body fat-free mass (ES = 0.18 [95% CI 0.04, 0.33], P < 0.05) were greater in older males than females. There were no sex-based differences for absolute or relative changes in limb muscle size, muscle fiber size, or physical performance.
本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是确定健康老年人在抗阻运动训练适应性方面是否存在性别差异。在筛选过程之后，提取了36项研究的数据，这些研究比较了老年男性和女性（602名男性；703名女性；年龄≥60岁）在相同抗阻运动训练干预后骨骼肌大小、肌肉力量和/或身体机能的变化。研究的平均质量为16/29（采用改良的唐斯和布莱克检查表），质量中等。老年男性的绝对上肢力量变化（效应量[ES]=0.81[95%置信区间0.54，1.09]，P<0.001）和下肢力量变化（ES=0.40[95%置信区间0.24，0.56]，P<0.001）大于女性。相反，老年女性的相对上肢力量变化（ES=-0.46[95%置信区间-0.77，-0.14]，P<0.01）和相对下肢力量变化（ES=-0.24[95%置信区间-0.42，-0.06]，P<0.01）大于男性。老年男性的绝对全身去脂体重变化（而非相对变化）（ES=0.18[95%置信区间0.04，0.33]，P<0.05）大于女性。在肢体肌肉大小、肌纤维大小或身体机能的绝对或相对变化方面，不存在性别差异。
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