Castro-Mesa Andrés Felipe, Resende Faleiros Rafael, Martínez-Aranzales José Ramón
Equine Medicine and Surgery Research Line (LIMCE), CENTAURO Research Group, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia.
Equinova Research Group, School of Veterinary, Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Jul 11;13(14):2267. doi: 10.3390/ani13142267.
The transmural ultrasound allows for the definition of the normal appearance of the hoof tissues and internal structures. Determining such measurements and proportions could contribute to evaluations of the normal spatial distal phalanx-hoof relationship. The objective was to describe the hoof's dermis and epidermis measurements using the transmural technique, in comparison with DR and anatomical sections. Sixty-two healthy hooves without digital radiographic abnormalities, made up of 30 anatomical pieces (phase 1) and 32 alive horse hooves (phase 2), and 16 sagittal sections of the first ones were used. The proximal and distal planes were compared, defining the following measurements: coronary band-extensor process, distal phalanx apex-hoof wall, sole dermis, middle stratum, parietal dermis, lamellar layer, the sublamellar dermis, and ratios between them. Most of the measurements were consistent among methods. Some showed measurement differences and a minority was impossible to determine. The transmural technique allowed for the observation and replication of measurements of the hoof structures, described with other diagnostic aids. It also allowed for the implementation of new measurements that would help to determine the spatial location of the distal phalanx. Additionally, it contributes to the visualization of normal findings, which will be useful to compare variations in the different phases of laminitis.
透壁超声可用于确定蹄组织和内部结构的正常外观。确定这些测量值和比例有助于评估远节趾骨与蹄的正常空间关系。目的是使用透壁技术描述蹄真皮和表皮的测量值，并与DR和解剖切片进行比较。使用了62个无数字射线照相异常的健康蹄，其中包括30个解剖标本（第一阶段）和32个活马的蹄（第二阶段），以及其中16个的矢状切片。比较近端和远端平面，定义以下测量值：冠状带-伸肌突、远节趾骨尖-蹄壁、蹄底真皮、中层、壁真皮、板层、板层下真皮以及它们之间的比例。大多数测量值在不同方法之间是一致的。有些显示出测量差异，少数无法确定。透壁技术允许观察和重复蹄结构的测量值，这些测量值可通过其他诊断辅助手段进行描述。它还允许进行有助于确定远节趾骨空间位置的新测量。此外，它有助于可视化正常结果，这将有助于比较蹄叶炎不同阶段的变化。
