Bertram Hendrik, Wilhelmi Selina, Rajavel Abirami, Boelhauve Marc, Wittmann Margareta, Ramzan Faisal, Schmitt Armin Otto, Gültas Mehmet
Faculty of Agriculture, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Lübecker Ring 2, 59494 Soest, Germany.
Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;12(7):969. doi: 10.3390/biology12070969.
Avian influenza is a severe viral infection that has the potential to cause human pandemics. In particular, chickens are susceptible to many highly pathogenic strains of the virus, resulting in significant losses. In contrast, ducks have been reported to exhibit rapid and effective innate immune responses to most avian influenza virus (AIV) infections. To explore the distinct genetic programs that potentially distinguish the susceptibility/resistance of both species to AIV, the investigation of coincident SNPs (coSNPs) and their differing causal effects on gene functions in both species is important to gain novel insight into the varying immune-related responses of chickens and ducks. By conducting a pairwise genome alignment between these species, we identified coSNPs and their respective effect on AIV-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this study. The examination of these genes (e.g., CD74, RUBCN, and SHTN1 for chickens and ABCA3, MAP2K6, and VIPR2 for ducks) reveals their high relevance to AIV. Further analysis of these genes provides promising effector molecules (such as IκBα, STAT1/STAT3, GSK-3β, or p53) and related key signaling pathways (such as NF-κB, JAK/STAT, or Wnt) to elucidate the complex mechanisms of immune responses to AIV infections in both chickens and ducks.
禽流感是一种严重的病毒感染，有可能引发全球大流行。特别是，鸡对许多高致病性病毒株敏感，会造成重大损失。相比之下，据报道鸭子对大多数禽流感病毒（AIV）感染表现出快速有效的先天免疫反应。为了探索可能区分这两个物种对AIV易感性/抗性的不同基因程序，研究共有的单核苷酸多态性（coSNPs）及其对两个物种基因功能的不同因果效应，对于深入了解鸡和鸭不同的免疫相关反应具有重要意义。通过对这些物种进行成对基因组比对，我们在本研究中鉴定了coSNPs及其对AIV相关差异表达基因（DEGs）的各自影响。对这些基因（例如鸡的CD74、RUBCN和SHTN1，以及鸭的ABCA3、MAP2K6和VIPR2）的检测揭示了它们与AIV的高度相关性。对这些基因的进一步分析提供了有前景的效应分子（如IκBα、STAT1/STAT3、GSK-3β或p53）和相关关键信号通路（如NF-κB、JAK/STAT或Wnt），以阐明鸡和鸭对AIV感染的免疫反应复杂机制。
