Ferrés-Amat Elvira, Díaz-Martínez Cristina, Herrera-Martínez Sira, Galofré-Kessler Neus, Astudillo-Rozas Wilson, Aceituno-Antezana Oscar, Valdivia-Gandur Iván, Maura-Solivellas Isabel
Paediatric Dentistry Service, Hospital HM Nens, HM Hospitales, 08009 Barcelona, Spain.
Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Barcelona, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jun 22;10(7):1098. doi: 10.3390/children10071098.
This study aimed to describe Traumatic Dental Injuries (TDI) in a child population, with a discussion focused on the impact of non-clinical variables on TDI. A cross-sectional, descriptive, and relational study about TDI in deciduous dentition in a children's hospital was performed. A total of 166 patients were included, of which 51.8% were male and 48.2% were female. Subluxation was the most observed injury (37.5%), and high-severity lesions predominated (60.2%). Regarding non-clinical variables, 89.2% of the patients attended urgent care centers within 24 h, and 43.4% within the first 3 h. Pointed objects were the leading cause of TDI (47%). Most TDIs were concentrated between the ages of 2 and 4 (53.5%). Concerning the place of TDI occurrence, the school (41.6%) was associated with faster urgent dental care attendance, and the home (37.3%) was associated with TDI occurrence in children under 2 years of age. Previous TDI experience (24.1% of patients) did not generate differences in the time interval between the TDI and arrival at the hospital, compared with children without a TDI history. While the behavior of clinical variables agrees with the literature reviewed, several non-clinical variables show wide differences. There is a need to identify the non-clinical variables that can significantly interact with phenomena specific to the study population (social, demographic, and cultural). The study of these variables can be useful in applying health policies. In the group studied, the non-clinical data reveals the need to educate parents or guardians on the importance of timely care in TDI, the long-term consequences of traumatism affecting deciduous dentition, and the implication of the maturation of the child's motor skills in TDI.
本研究旨在描述儿童群体中的创伤性牙损伤（TDI），并着重讨论非临床变量对TDI的影响。在一家儿童医院开展了一项关于乳牙列TDI的横断面、描述性和相关性研究。共纳入166例患者，其中男性占51.8%，女性占48.2%。牙齿半脱位是最常见的损伤类型（37.5%），且严重程度较高的损伤占主导（60.2%）。关于非临床变量，89.2%的患者在24小时内前往紧急护理中心就诊，43.4%的患者在最初3小时内就诊。尖锐物体是TDI的主要原因（47%）。大多数TDI集中在2至4岁年龄段（53.5%）。关于TDI发生的地点，学校（41.6%）与更快的紧急牙科护理就诊相关，而家庭（37.3%）与2岁以下儿童的TDI发生相关。与无TDI病史的儿童相比，既往有TDI经历的患者（占患者的24.1%）在TDI发生至入院的时间间隔上没有差异。虽然临床变量的表现与所查阅的文献一致，但一些非临床变量存在很大差异。有必要确定那些能与研究人群特有的现象（社会、人口和文化现象）产生显著相互作用的非临床变量。对这些变量的研究可能有助于应用卫生政策。在所研究的群体中,非临床数据表明有必要对家长或监护人进行教育，使其了解TDI及时护理的重要性、乳牙列创伤的长期后果以及儿童运动技能成熟对TDI的影响。
