Pata Davide, Buonsenso Danilo, Turriziani-Colonna Arianna, Salerno Gilda, Scarlato Lucia, Colussi Lara, Ulloa-Gutierrez Rolando, Valentini Piero
Global Health Research Institute, Istituto di Igiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jul 19;10(7):1246. doi: 10.3390/children10071246.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common agent of congenital infection in humans. It is a main cause of neurodevelopmental delay and sensorineural hearing loss in infancy. Since the 2000s, a number of studies have used Valganciclovir as a therapy for children with congenital CMV infection.
In order to evaluate the efficacy of Valganciclovir in preventing clinical sequelae and its possible side effects, we performed a review of the published literature. This search was completed via PubMed for manuscripts published from January 2007 to December 2021, combining the MeSH words "Valganciclovir", "Congenital", and "Cytomegalovirus".
A total of 27 articles were included (12 retrospective studies, 4 prospective studies, 1 randomized controlled trial, and 10 case reports). The clinical features were similar to those already described in the literature. The therapeutic protocols used were very different between the various studies included and neonatal antiviral treatments were only moderately effective. The therapy proved to be well-tolerated.
The quality of the included studies and the sample size were limited due to the rarity of the disease. The use of different therapeutic protocols in terms of starting dates, doses, and durations made it impossible to compare and correctly evaluate the efficacy of the treatments. Randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the correct effective dose with the fewest side effects and the most efficient duration of therapy.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）是人类先天性感染最常见的病原体。它是婴儿神经发育迟缓及感音神经性听力损失的主要原因。自21世纪初以来，多项研究使用缬更昔洛韦治疗先天性CMV感染的儿童。
为了评估缬更昔洛韦在预防临床后遗症及其可能的副作用方面的疗效，我们对已发表的文献进行了综述。通过PubMed检索2007年1月至2021年12月发表的手稿，结合医学主题词“缬更昔洛韦”、“先天性”和“巨细胞病毒”。
共纳入27篇文章（12篇回顾性研究、4篇前瞻性研究、1篇随机对照试验和10篇病例报告）。临床特征与文献中已描述的相似。纳入的各项研究使用的治疗方案差异很大，新生儿抗病毒治疗仅具有中等疗效。该治疗耐受性良好。
由于该疾病罕见，纳入研究的质量和样本量有限。在开始日期、剂量和疗程方面使用不同的治疗方案使得无法比较和正确评估治疗效果。需要进行随机对照试验以确定副作用最少且治疗疗程最有效的正确有效剂量。
