Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
Biomolecules. 2023 Jul 1;13(7):1065. doi: 10.3390/biom13071065.
Delayed or prolonged corneal wound healing and non-healing corneas put patients at risk for ocular surface infections and subsequent stromal opacification, resulting in discomfort or visual loss. It is important to enhance corneal wound healing efficiency and quality. Vitamin D (Vit D) is both a hormone and a vitamin, and its insufficiency has been linked to immune disorders and diabetes. For this study, wound healing and recruitment of CD45+ cells into the wound area of normoglycemic and diabetic mice were examined following corneal epithelial debridement and treatment with 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D (1,25 Vit D) or 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25 Vit D). Treatment with topical 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D (1,25 Vit D) resulted in significantly increased corneal wound healing rates of normoglycemic, diabetic and diabetic Vit D deficient mice. Furthermore, 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25 Vit D) significantly increased corneal wound healing of diabetic Vit D deficient and Vit D receptor knockout (VDR KO) mice. In addition, CD45+ cell numbers were reduced in diabetic and VDR KO mouse corneas compared to normoglycemic mice, and 24,25 Vit D increased the recruitment of CD45+ cells to diabetic mouse corneas after epithelial debridement. CD45+ cells were found to infiltrate into the corneal basal epithelial layer after corneal epithelial debridement. Our data indicate that topical Vit D promotes corneal wound healing and further supports previous work that the Vit D corneal wound healing effect is not totally VDR-dependent.
角膜伤口愈合延迟或延长以及角膜不愈合会使患者面临眼表感染和随后的基质混浊的风险，导致不适或视力丧失。提高角膜伤口愈合效率和质量非常重要。维生素 D（Vit D）既是激素又是维生素，其不足与免疫紊乱和糖尿病有关。在这项研究中，通过角膜上皮刮除术，并在正常血糖和糖尿病小鼠的伤口区域用 1,25-二羟维生素 D（1,25 Vit D）或 24,25-二羟维生素 D（24,25 Vit D）治疗，检查了伤口愈合和 CD45+细胞向伤口区域的募集。局部使用 1,25-二羟维生素 D（1,25 Vit D）可显著提高正常血糖、糖尿病和糖尿病 Vit D 缺乏小鼠的角膜伤口愈合率。此外，24,25-二羟维生素 D（24,25 Vit D）可显著提高糖尿病 Vit D 缺乏和维生素 D 受体敲除（VDR KO）小鼠的角膜伤口愈合。此外，与正常血糖小鼠相比，糖尿病和 VDR KO 小鼠的角膜中 CD45+细胞数量减少，24,25 Vit D 可增加上皮刮除后 CD45+细胞向糖尿病小鼠角膜的募集。在角膜上皮刮除后，发现 CD45+细胞浸润到角膜基底上皮层。我们的数据表明，局部 Vit D 可促进角膜伤口愈合，并进一步支持先前的工作，即 Vit D 对角膜伤口愈合的作用不完全依赖于 VDR。
