Rosales Aldo, Molina-Macedo Aide, Leyva Mayolo, San Vicente Félix, Palacios-Rojas Natalia
International Maize and What Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco C.P. 56237, Mexico.
Foods. 2023 Jul 20;12(14):2757. doi: 10.3390/foods12142757.
Zinc deficiency poses a significant health challenge worldwide, particularly in regions where access to and the affordability of dietary diversity are limited. This research article presents a time course analysis of kernel development on the zinc content in maize kernels with different genetic backgrounds, including normal maize, quality protein maize, and high-zinc maize, grown at two locations. Zn concentrations during stage I were high, decreasing between stages II and IV and increasing during stages V to VII. High-zinc kernel genotypes, including those ones with high-quality protein genetic backgrounds, have higher contents of zinc and iron during the milky stage (fresh/green maize). The zinc and iron content in fresh maize differed depending on the genotype. By consuming fresh maize biofortified with zinc, up to 89% and 100% of EAR needs can be fulfilled for pregnant women and children. The results demonstrate that fresh high-zinc maize accumulates a substantial amount of this micronutrient, highlighting its potential as a valuable source for addressing zinc deficiency.
锌缺乏在全球范围内构成了重大的健康挑战，尤其是在饮食多样性的获取和可承受性有限的地区。这篇研究文章呈现了在两个地点种植的具有不同遗传背景的玉米籽粒（包括普通玉米、优质蛋白玉米和高锌玉米）发育过程中籽粒锌含量的时间进程分析。第一阶段的锌浓度较高，在第二阶段至第四阶段之间下降，在第五阶段至第七阶段增加。高锌籽粒基因型，包括那些具有优质蛋白遗传背景的基因型，在乳熟期（鲜食/嫩玉米）的锌和铁含量更高。鲜食玉米中的锌和铁含量因基因型而异。通过食用锌生物强化的鲜食玉米，孕妇和儿童可分别满足高达89%和100%的估计平均需求量（EAR）。结果表明，鲜食高锌玉米积累了大量这种微量营养素，凸显了其作为解决锌缺乏问题的宝贵来源的潜力。
