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俄罗斯不同品种种马的遗传多样性。

The Genetic Diversity of Stallions of Different Breeds in Russia.

机构信息

Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding-Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, 55A, Moskovskoye Sh., Tyarlevo, Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196625, Russia.

All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Region, Divovo, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia.

出版信息

Genes (Basel). 2023 Jul 24;14(7):1511. doi: 10.3390/genes14071511.

DOI:10.3390/genes14071511
PMID:37510415
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10378902/
Abstract

The specifics of breeding and selection significantly affect genetic diversity and variability within a breed. We present the data obtained from the genetic analysis of 21 thoroughbred and warmblood horse breeds. The most detailed information is described from the following breeds: Arabian, Trakehner, French Trotter, Standardbred, and Soviet Heavy Horse. The analysis of 509,617 SNP variants in 87 stallions from 21 populations made it possible to estimate the genetic diversity at the genome-wide level and distinguish the studied horse breeds from each other. In this study, we searched for heterozygous and homozygous ROH regions, evaluated inbreeding using FROH analysis, and generated a population structure using Admixture 1.3 software. Our findings indicate that the Arabian breed is an ancestor of many horse breeds. The study of the full-genome architectonics of breeds is of great practical importance for preserving the genetic characteristics of breeds and managing breeding. Studies were carried out to determine homozygous regions in individual breeds and search for candidate genes in these regions. Fifty-six candidate genes for the influence of selection pressure were identified. Our research reveals genetic diversity consistent with breeding directions and the breeds' history of origin.

摘要

繁殖和选育的具体细节会显著影响品种内的遗传多样性和变异性。我们呈现了从 21 个纯种马和温血马品种的遗传分析中获得的数据。以下品种的信息描述最为详细：阿拉伯马、特雷克纳马、法国走马、标准马和苏联重型马。对来自 21 个群体的 87 匹种马的 509,617 个 SNP 变体进行分析，使我们能够在全基因组水平上估计遗传多样性，并区分研究中的马品种。在这项研究中，我们搜索了杂合和纯合 ROH 区域，使用 FROH 分析评估了近交程度，并使用 Admixture 1.3 软件生成了种群结构。我们的研究结果表明，阿拉伯马是许多马品种的祖先。研究品种的全基因组结构对于保存品种的遗传特征和管理繁殖具有重要的实际意义。我们进行了研究，以确定个别品种中的纯合区域，并在这些区域中寻找候选基因。确定了 56 个候选基因，这些基因可能受到选择压力的影响。我们的研究揭示了与育种方向和品种起源历史一致的遗传多样性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/0ad5be8b1ade/genes-14-01511-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/08424558b625/genes-14-01511-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/ac75a07ae918/genes-14-01511-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/6a1dcb4449a1/genes-14-01511-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/d25b02380951/genes-14-01511-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/0ad5be8b1ade/genes-14-01511-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/08424558b625/genes-14-01511-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/ac75a07ae918/genes-14-01511-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/6a1dcb4449a1/genes-14-01511-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/d25b02380951/genes-14-01511-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d7b1/10378902/0ad5be8b1ade/genes-14-01511-g005.jpg

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