Beringer Robert, de Vries Brian, Gill Paneet, Gutman Gloria
School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Gerontology Program, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 92262, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jul 17;11(14):2044. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11142044.
This study focused on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the marginalized populations-specifically Black and Indigenous people as well as People of Color (BIPOC) compared to White older adults and LGBT individuals compared to heterosexual older adults. Data were derived from our national online survey of Canadians aged 55+, conducted from 10 August to 10 October 2020. The survey explored the influence of COVID-19 on lifestyle changes, well-being, and planning for the future. Our sample comprised 4292 respondents. We compared sets of dichotomous variables with White vs. BIPOC, LGBT vs. heterosexual, and LGBT White vs. LGBT BIPOC respondents. Significantly more BIPOC than White individuals reported changes in accessing food (44.3% vs. 33.2%) and in family income (53.9% vs. 38.9%) and fewer reported feeling accepted and happy, and more felt isolated and judged. Significantly more LGBT than heterosexual respondents reported changes in routines and in accessing social support, medical and mental health care and more feeling depressed, lonely, anxious, and sad. More LGBT-BIPOC than LGBT-White respondents reported changes in access to food (66.7 vs. 30.6, < 0.001); in family income (66.7 vs. 41.5, < 0.005); and in access to mental health care (38.5 vs. 24.0, < 0.05). The only difference in emotional response to COVID-19 was that more BIPOC-LGBT than White-LGBT respondents reported feeling judged (25.9 vs. 14.5, < 0.05). These findings reflect a complex mix of the effects of marginalization upon BIPOC and LGBT older adults, revealing both hardship and hardiness and warranting further research.
本研究聚焦于新冠疫情对边缘化人群的影响——具体而言，相较于白人老年人，黑人和原住民以及有色人种（BIPOC）受到的影响如何；相较于异性恋老年人， LGBT群体受到的影响又如何。数据来源于我们在2020年8月10日至10月10日对55岁及以上加拿大人进行的全国性在线调查。该调查探讨了新冠疫情对生活方式变化、幸福感以及未来规划的影响。我们的样本包括4292名受访者。我们比较了白人受访者与BIPOC受访者、LGBT受访者与异性恋受访者，以及LGBT白人受访者与LGBT BIPOC受访者这几组二分变量。报告称在获取食物（44.3%对33.2%）和家庭收入方面发生变化（53.9%对38.9%）的BIPOC人群显著多于白人，且报告称感到被接纳和快乐的BIPOC人群更少，更多人感到孤立和被评判。报告称日常生活、获取社会支持、医疗和心理健康护理方面发生变化，且感到更抑郁、孤独、焦虑和悲伤的LGBT受访者显著多于异性恋受访者。报告称在获取食物方面发生变化（66.7对30.6，<0.001）、在家庭收入方面发生变化（66.7对41.5，<0.005）以及在获取心理健康护理方面发生变化（38.5对24.0，<0.05）的LGBT - BIPOC受访者多于LGBT - 白人受访者。在对新冠疫情的情绪反应方面，唯一的差异是报告称感到被评判的BIPOC - LGBT受访者多于白人 - LGBT受访者（25.9对1..5，<0.05）。这些发现反映了边缘化对BIPOC和LGBT老年人群体影响的复杂情况，既揭示了困难，也展现了坚韧，值得进一步研究。
