School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 20;24(14):11708. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411708.
Despite the declining trend of () prevalence around the globe, ongoing efforts are still needed to optimize current and future regimens in view of the increasing antibiotic resistance. The resistance of to different antibiotics is caused by different molecular mechanisms, and advancements in sequencing technology have come a far way in broadening our understanding and in facilitating the testing of antibiotic susceptibility to . In this literature review, we give an overview of the molecular mechanisms behind resistance, as well as discuss and compare different antibiotic susceptibility tests based on the latest research. We also discuss the principles of antibiotic stewardship and compare the performance of empirical therapies based on up-to-date resistance patterns and susceptibility-guided therapies in providing effective treatment. Studies and clinical guidelines should ensure that the treatment being tested or recommended can reliably achieve a pre-agreed acceptable level of eradication rate and take into account the variations in antibiotic resistance across populations. Local, regional and international organizations must work together to establish routine antibiotic susceptibility surveillance programs and enforce antibiotic stewardship in the treatment of , so that it can be managed in a sustainable and efficient manner.
尽管全球范围内的 （）患病率呈下降趋势，但鉴于抗生素耐药性的不断增加，仍需要继续努力优化当前和未来的治疗方案。 对不同抗生素的耐药性是由不同的分子机制引起的，测序技术的进步极大地加深了我们对这一现象的理解，并促进了对抗生素敏感性的检测。 在这篇文献综述中，我们概述了耐药性背后的分子机制，并根据最新的研究讨论和比较了不同的抗生素敏感性测试。 我们还讨论了抗生素管理的原则，并比较了基于最新耐药模式的经验性治疗和基于药敏指导的治疗在提供有效 治疗方面的效果。 研究和临床指南应确保正在测试或推荐的治疗方法能够可靠地达到预先约定的可接受的清除率水平，并考虑到人群中抗生素耐药性的差异。 地方、区域和国际组织必须共同努力，建立常规的抗生素敏感性监测计划，并在 的治疗中实施抗生素管理，以便以可持续和有效的方式进行管理。
